Abstract
The main cause of treatment failure and death in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma is metastasis to the regional lymph nodes. The current clinical staging criteria fail to differentiate patients with occult metastasis from patients without metastasis. Identifying molecular markers of the disease might improve our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis and development of laryngeal carcinoma and may help improve clinical staging and treatment.
Emerging studies show BMI1 has an important function as a biomarker of cancer stem cells (CSCs), which are cells with self-renewal characteristics and capable of initiation, progression, invasion, metastasis, tumor recurrence, and resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. There are increasing studies that consider the role of CSCs in head and neck cancers and the potential result of this knowledge on clinical-surgical outcome. A promising intracellular marker of CSCs in head and neck cancer is the oncoprotein BMI1, with specific data about its prognostic value based on the specific location. More precisely, the nuclear expression of BMI1 in patients with laryngeal carcinoma seems to correlate with lymph node metastasis.
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Abbreviations
- BMI1:
-
B-Cell-Specific moloney Murine Leukemia Virus Integration site 1
- BTRC:
-
Beta-Transducin Repeat Containing
- cBMI1:
-
Cytoplasmatic B-Cell-Specific Moloney Murine Leukemia Virus Integration Site 1
- CSCs:
-
Cancer Stem Cells
- EMT:
-
Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition
- HTH:
-
Helix-Turn-Helix
- LSCC:
-
Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
- nBMI1:
-
Nuclear B-Cell-Specific Moloney Murine Leukemia Virus Integration Site 1
- PcG:
-
Polycomb Group
- PRC1:
-
Polycomb-Repressive Complex 1
- PRC2:
-
Polycomb-Repressive Complex 2
- PSC:
-
Posterior Sex Control
- RF:
-
Ring Finger
- TERT:
-
Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase
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Allegra, E., Trapasso, S. (2014). Nuclear BMI1 as a Biomarker in Laryngeal Cancer. In: Preedy, V., Patel, V. (eds) Biomarkers in Cancer. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7744-6_15-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7744-6_15-1
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