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According to IRENA (2012), renewable energy (RE) resources are all forms of energy produced from renewable sources in a sustainable manner, including bioenergy, geothermal energy, hydropower, ocean energy, solar energy, and wind energy. For this entry, the scope extends to improved energy technologies that are defined as technologies with improved energy conversion efficiency which should be accompanied by reduced pollution levels (Clancy et al. 2011). Examples include improved cookstoves and technologies for lighting used in rural households.
According to the United Nations Entity for Gender Equality and the Empowerment of Women (UN Women), gender refers to socially constructed roles and relations between men and women. This includes the different responsibilities of women and men in a given culture or location. These roles vary within between cultures, ethnicity, and class and change over time.
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Khaemba, W., Kingiri, A. (2021). Access to Renewable Energy Resources: A Gender and Inclusivity Perspective. In: Leal Filho, W., Marisa Azul, A., Brandli, L., Lange Salvia, A., Wall, T. (eds) Affordable and Clean Energy. Encyclopedia of the UN Sustainable Development Goals. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-95864-4_136
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