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Wild Anticipation: On the Evolution of Meaning

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Handbook of Anticipation

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Abstract

The present paper offers an approach to anticipation and meaning, based on Wild Systems Theory (WST), which begins by describing organisms as self-sustaining energy transformation systems that constitute embodiments of context. This idea leads to the assertion that anticipation refers to a self-sustaining system’s ability to prespecify and constrain the dynamic possibilities of its nested transformation systems. The paper describes how anticipation, defined as the prospective constraint of context, evolved from the small-scale contexts constrained by a single cell to the full-blown, self-aware prespecification and constraint of contexts (i.e., forward-looking thinking) exhibited in human anticipation. Specifically, anticipation scaled up because (1) the systems that phylogenetically entailed it (i.e., organisms) were simultaneous energy transformation systems whose status as such rendered them a possible energy source for potentially emergent energy transformation systems (i.e., plants and herbivores) and (2) as self-sustaining embodiments of context, such systems are naturally and necessarily “about” the contexts they embody. As a result, they are inherently meaningful, and the phenomenon we refer to as consciousness, or self-awareness, is a phylogenetically scaled-up recursion of the self-sustaining prespecification and constraint of nested, dynamic possibilities we see in single-cell organisms.

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  1. Department of Psychology, Institute for Prospective Cognition, Illinois State University, Normal, IL, USA

    J. Scott Jordan

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  1. Department of Sociology and Social Research, University of Trento, Trento, Italy

    Roberto Poli

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Scott Jordan, J. (2019). Wild Anticipation: On the Evolution of Meaning. In: Poli, R. (eds) Handbook of Anticipation. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91554-8_59

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