Abstract
After half a century full of exciting mix of space flight success and failures, space scientists, governments, and entrepreneurs have learned a little about the mechanisms and challenges of physiological adaptation during long stays in space and orthostatic adaptation after flights. However, new questions develop all the time because of unpredictable results. Urgent attention on human health, safety, and space protocols of long stays and a thorough understanding of microgravity and space radiation influences on human organ metabolisms to design space medication packs are needed before astronauts can be sent on other planets. Experiences with NASA and MIR programs and European and Asian space programs have taught us the influence of microgravity and space radiations on the cardiovascular system. Space crews face cardiovascular and physiological adaptation such as osteoporosis, blood pressure, angina, peripheral vascular disease, congestive heart failure, syncope, cardiac stress, arrhythmia, along with muscle deconditioning, bone density loss, and psychological, renal, and breathing stress. For long space flights to Mars or beyond, on-board space pharmaceuticals with expiry of more than 3 years with conditioned pharmacodynamic capability to metabolize drugs in microgravity and radiation conditioned human organs and cells in space will be needed. Telepathy and telemedicine are miraculous methods for the cardiovascular evaluation, real-time monitoring, and robust tele-intervention for timely management.
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Sharma, R., Trivedi, M., Trivedi, A. (2022). Impact of Space Pharmaceuticals on Cardiovascular System. In: Pathak, Y., Araújo dos Santos, M., Zea, L. (eds) Handbook of Space Pharmaceuticals. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-50909-9_63-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-50909-9_63-1
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