Abstract
The primary aim of this chapter is to outline the most important centers of Hungarian schools and heritage language teaching in North America, focused mainly into Canada. In this study, the following topics will be described: Hungarian churches, Scout movement, folk dance groups, and nonprofit organizations. These are the key elements in preserving ethnic identity in the Western Hungarian diaspora.
The 2011 census reported 316,765 Canadians of Hungarian descent. More than 90% of all Canadians with Hungarian ancestry live in Ontario and the Prairie Provinces.
Hungarians arrived to North America in different waves of immigration. The first wave of immigrants arrived from the second half of the nineteenth century, primarily to escape increasing poverty in the Austro-Hungarian Empire and to find greater economic opportunities abroad. This first wave of immigrants founded the first Hungarian churches and schools. The next, larger wave of Magyar immigrants fled Hungary in interwar period and near the end of World War II. Finally, there is the post-1950 era in Hungary which precipitated another influx of refugees to the American continent, mostly the young freedom fighters.
This study describes 16 Hungarian heritage schools in Canada: two in Alberta (Bethlen Gábor, St Emeric), three in British Columbia (Dörmögő, Szt László népe, Kelowna), nine heritage schools in Ontario (Arany János, St. Elizabeth, Helicon, Oskola, Guelph, Kitchener, Hamilton, Mississauga, and Windsor), and two in the province of Quebec (Hungarian School of Montreal and Fehér Mihály). Higher education has also Hungarian sections like Toronto and Alberta Universities.
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List of Hungarian Schools Is Canada (2015–2016)
Bethlen Gábor Hungarian Language School, Calvin Hungarian Presbyterian Church, 101–14th Avenue SW Calgary, Alberta. http://www.bethlen.ca/language_school
St. Emeric Accredited Hungarian Language School, 12960 112 Street Edmonton, Alberta. http://www.szentimremagyariskola.com/
Dörmögő Dömötör Magyar Betűvető Iskola, First Hungarian Presbyterian Church 2791 East 27th Avenue, Vancouver, BC V5R 1N4. http://www.vanmagyariskola.ca/
“Szent László Népe” magyar iskola, Our Lady of Hungary 1810 East 7th Avenue Vancouver, BC. V5N 1S2. http://www.vancouveri-katolikus-templom.org/iskola/iskola-hu.htm
Okanagai Magyar iskola, Okanagan Hungarian Hall 1670 Ross Road West Kelowna, BC / V1Z 1L9.
Saint Edward Catholic School (1 Botham Rd, North York, ON M2N 1A9).
Arany János Hungarian School, Hungarian House 141 Sunrise Avenue, Toronto, M4A 1A9. http://aranyjanostoronto.ca/
Torontói Magyar Gimnázium/ Helikon Iskola, Senator O'Connor College School 60 Rowena Dr, North York, ON M3A 3R2. http://www.heliconsociety.com/html/kozepiskolai_program.html
Oskola – Ottawai Magyar Iskola, Notre Dame High School 710 Broadview Av, Ottawa, ON K2A 2M2.
Hungarian School Guelph, St. Francis of Assisi School 87 Imperial Rd. S. Guelph, ON, N1K 1Z4.
Hungarian School Kitchener, Crestview Public School 153 Montcalm Drive Kitchener, ON N2B 2R6.
Hungarian School Windsor, Catholic Central High School 441 Tecumseh Rd E, Windsor, ON N8X 2R7.
Arany Janos Hungarian School, St. Joseph Catholic Elementary School 270 Locke St. S. Hamilton, Ontario, ON L8P 4C1.
Hungarian School in Mississauga, St. Jude Separate School 175 Nahani Way Mississauga, ON L4Z 3J6. http://addr.ws/mississaugai-magyar-iskola-hungarian-school-in-mississauga--mississauga-ca.html
Montreáli Magyar Iskola, Our Lady of Hungary Parish 90 Guizot Ouest, Montréal, Québec H2P 1L4 . http://www.montreali-magyar-iskola.com/
Fehér Mihály Református Iskola, Hungarian United Church of Montreal 50 Graham Blvd., Montréal QC, H3P 2C1. http://fmrefi.blogspot.ca/
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Hungarian Studies, Center for European, Russian, and Eurasian Studies, Munk School of Global Affairs, University of Toronto, 1 Devonshire Pl, Toronto, ON M5S 3K7. http://sites.utoronto.ca/hungarian/faculty.html
Wirth Institute for Austrian and Central European Studies, University of Alberta, Suite 300, Arts Building, 116 St. and 85 Ave., Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3. http://www.wirth.ualberta.ca/
Department of German and Slavic Studies, University of Manitoba, 328 Fletcher Argue Bldg. Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2. http://umanitoba.ca/faculties/arts/departments/german_and_slavic/3078.html
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Gardosi, R. (2016). Teaching Hungarian as Heritage Language in North America. In: Trifonas, P., Aravossitas, T. (eds) Handbook of Research and Practice in Heritage Language Education. Springer International Handbooks of Education. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-38893-9_14-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-38893-9_14-1
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