Abstract
This chapter provides an overview of Intelligent Computer-Assisted Language Learning (ICALL) technologies for written learner language: spell checkers, grammar checkers including systems for automatic writing evaluation, and Intelligent Language Tutoring Systems (ILTSs). After discussing the goals and challenges of processing written learner language more generally, the chapter provides an overview of the developments of these distinct technologies by focusing on applications that specifically address the difficulties of evaluating learner language. The chapter concludes with a brief discussion that situates these distinct ICALL technologies within Second Language Acquisition theory.
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Heift, T. (2017). History and Key Developments in Intelligent Computer-Assisted Language Learning (ICALL). In: Thorne, S., May, S. (eds) Language, Education and Technology. Encyclopedia of Language and Education. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-02328-1_23-1
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