Abstract
Georgian dzaghlis kindzi, (mariamdzmara); Russian кокорыш (kokorish); Armenian шикарос (shikaros) (Grossheim 1952; Ketskhoveli et al. 1971–2011; Makashvili 1991; Sokolov 1988).
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Botany and Ecology
Biennials or annuals; root thin, fusiform; stems usually single, 30–100 cm high, faintly ribbed, hollow, branching, like leaves glabrous; leaves bi- or tripinnate, dark green, very shiny beneath when fresh; leaflets triangular or ovate, deeply cut or parted; lower leaves on petioles, the upper sessile on dilated sheath. Umbels opposite leaves, long-peduncled; rays 12–18, unequal, scabrous above; involucre absent or of 1–2 leaflets; involucels asymmetrical, of 3 recurved leaflets with scarious base and margins, nearly twice as long (var. gigantea Lej.) or as long as pedicels (var. cynapioides (M.B.) Ficinus et Heynh.); petals white or slightly reddish, obcordate, cuneate at base, elongating in peripheral flowers; stylopodium flat-inflated; fruit 2–3 mm long, 2–2.5 mm wide, with arcuate canals toward commissure. Flowering June–October. Ural, Caucasus, weed, kitchen gardens, gardens, shrubs, felled areas, floodplain forests (Shishkin 1950).
Phytochemistry
Alkaloids (Coniine) (Sokolov 1988).
Local Food Uses
The leaves are used as food (Bussmann et al. 2016).
References
Bussmann RW, Paniagua Zambrana NY, Sikharulidze S, Kikvidze Z, Kikodze D, Tchelidze D, Khutsishvili M, Batsatsashvili K, Hart RE. A comparative ethnobotany of Khevsureti, Samtskhe-Javakheti, Tusheti, Svaneti, and Racha-Lechkhumi, Republic of Georgia (Sakartvelo), Caucasus. J Ehnobiol Ethnomed. 2016;12:43. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13002-016-0110-2.
Bussmann RW, Paniagua Zambrana NY, Sikharulidze S, Kikvidze Z, Kikodze D, Tchelidze D, Khutsishvili M, Batsatsashvili K, Hart RE. Plant and fungal use in Tusheti, Khevsureti and Pshavi, Sakartvelo (Republic of Georgia), Caucasus. Acta Soc Bot Pol. 2017;86(2):3517. https://doi.org/10.5586/asbp.3517.
Grossheim AA. Plant richness of the Caucasus. Moscow: Akademia Nauk; 1952. (in Russian).
Ketskhoveli N, Kharadze A, Gagnidze R. Flora of Georgia, 16 vols. Tbilisi: Metsniereba; 1971–2011. (in Georgian).
Makashvili A. Botanical dictionary. Tbilisi: Metsniereba; 1991. (in Georgian).
Shishkin BK. Flora of the USSR, Volume 16: Umbelliflorae. Leningrad: Akademia Nauk; 1950 (English 1973). 478 p., 37 b/w plates, 2 maps.
Sokolov PD, editor. Plant resources of the USSR: flowering plants, their chemical composition, use; Volume 4. Families of Rutaceae-Elaeagnaceae. Leningrad: Akademia Nauk; 1988. 357 p. (in Russian).
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Bussmann, R.W. et al. (2020). Aethusa cynapium L. Apiaceae. In: Batsatsashvili, K., Kikvidze, Z., Bussmann, R. (eds) Ethnobotany of the Mountain Regions of Far Eastern Europe . Ethnobotany of Mountain Regions. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-28940-9_6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-28940-9_6
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Online ISBN: 978-3-030-28940-9
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