Summary
Applications of tandem mass spectrometry in the field of lipid clinical chemistry are considered. Haematological and biochemical advantages are presented favoring the choice of red blood cell membranes as a starting material in a wide variety of biomedical fields. Practical considerations are discussed with respect to methods of sampling, storage, and lipid extraction of red blood cells. The chapter describes the capabilities of a direct infusion of raw lipid extracts in the electro-spray ionization source compared with the more sophisticated method of high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with hybrid tandem mass spectrometry. Both methods have been evaluated and have been shown to be suitable for diagnosis and/or monitoring for a variety of human disorders.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Fernandes, J., Saudubray, J., Berghe, G. V. D., and Walter, J. (Eds.) (2006) Inborn metabolic diseases, Springer, 4th Edn, New York.
Matsuzaka, T., Shimano, H., Yahagi, N., Kato, T., Atsumi, A., Yamamoto, T., Inoue, N., Ishikawa, M., Okada, S., Ishigaki, N., Iwasaki, H., Iwasaki, Y., Karasawa, T., Kumadaki, S., Matsui, T., Sekiya, M., Ohashi, K., Hasty, A. H., Nakagawa, Y., Takahashi, A., Suzuki, H., Yatoh, S., Sone, H., Toyoshima, H., Osuga, J., and Yamada, N. (2007) Crucial role of a long-chain fatty acid elongase, Elovl6, in obesity-induced insulin resistance Nat Med 13, 1193–202.
Haimi, P., Uphoff, A., Hermansson, M., and Somerharju, P. (2006) Software tools for analysis of mass spectrometric lipidome data Anal Chem 78, 8324–31.
Chow, C. K. (1985) Vitamin E and blood World Rev Nutr Diet 45, 133–66.
Fuchs, B., Schiller, J., and Cross, M. A. (2007) Apoptosis-associated changes in the glycerophospholipid composition of hematopoietic progenitor cells monitored by 31P NMR spectroscopy and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry Chem Phys Lipids 150, 229–38.
Kuypers, F. A. (2007) Membrane lipid alterations in hemoglobinopathies Hematol Am Soc Hematol Educ Program 2007, 68–73.
Hebbel, R. P. (1984) Erythrocyte autoxidation and the membrane abnormalities of sickle red cells Prog Clin Biol Res 159, 219–25.
Schrier, S. L., Centis, F., Verneris, M., Ma, L., and Angelucci, E. (2003) The role of oxidant injury in the pathophysiology of human thalassemias Redox Rep 8, 241–5.
van Deenen, L. L., Kuypers, F. A., Op den Kamp, J. A., and Roelofsen, B. (1987) Effects of altered phospholipid molecular species on erythrocyte membranes Ann N Y Acad Sci 492, 145–55.
Soupene, E., Fyrst, H., and Kuypers, F. A. (2008) Mammalian acyl-CoA:lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase enzymes Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 105, 88–93.
Han, X., and Gross, R. W. (2005) Shotgun lipidomics: electrospray ionization mass spectrometric analysis and quantitation of cellular lipidomes directly from crude extracts of biological samples Mass Spectrom Rev 24, 367–412.
Han, X., Yang, K., Yang, J., Fikes, K. N., Cheng, H., and Gross, R. W. (2006) Factors influencing the electrospray intrasource separation and selective ionization of glycerophospholipids J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 17, 264–74.
Shen, J. X., Motyka, R. J., Roach, J. P., and Hayes, R. N. (2005) Minimization of ion suppression in LC-MS/MS analysis through the application of strong cation exchange solid-phase extraction (SCX-SPE) J Pharm Biomed Anal 37, 359–67.
Tsui, Z. C., Chen, Q. R., Thomas, M. J., Samuel, M., and Cui, Z. (2005) A method for profiling gangliosides in animal tissues using electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry Anal Biochem 341, 251–8.
Koivusalo, M., Haimi, P., Heikinheimo, L., Kostiainen, R., and Somerharju, P. (2001) Quantitative determination of phospholipid compositions by ESI-MS: effects of acyl chain length, unsaturation, and lipid concentration on instrument response J Lipid Res 42, 663–72.
Christie, W. W. (2003) Lipid analysis: isolation, separation, identification and structural analysis of lipids, Oily Press,3rd ed. Bridgwater.
Folch, J., Lees, M., and Stanley, G. H. S. (1957) A simple method for the isolation and purification of total lipids from animal tissues J Biol Chem 226, 497–509.
Bligh, E. G., and Dyer, W. J. (1959) A rapid method of total lipid extraction and purification Canadian J Biochem Physiol 37, 911–17.
Ruiz-Gutierrez, V., and Perez-Camino, M. C. (2000) Update on solid-phase extraction for the analysis of lipid classes and related compounds J Chromatogr A 885, 321–41.
Carboni, E., Wieland, S., Lan, N. C., and Gee, K. W. (1996) Anxiolytic properties of endogenously occurring pregnanediols in two rodent models of anxiety Psychopharmacology (Berl) 126, 173–8.
Persson, E., Lofgren, L., Hansson, G., Abrahamsson, B., Lennernas, H., and Nilsson, R. (2007) Simultaneous assessment of lipid classes and bile acids in human intestinal fluid by solid-phase extraction and HPLC methods J Lipid Res 48, 242–51.
Matyash, V., Liebisch, G., Kurzchalia, T. V., Shevchenko, A., and Schwudke, D. (2008) Lipid extraction by methyl-tert-butyl ether for high-throughput lipidomics J Lipid Res 49, 1137–46.
Sobolik, K. D., Gremillion, K. J., Whitten, P. L., and Watson, P. J. (1996) Sex determination of prehistoric human paleofeces Am J Phys Anthropol 101, 283–90.
Rose, H. G., and Oklander, M. (1965) Improved procedure for the extraction of lipids from human erythrocytes J Lipid Res 6, 428–31.
Rutters, H., Mohring, T., Rullkotter, J., Griep-Raming, J., and Metzger, J. O. (2000) The persistent memory effect of triethylamine in the analysis of phospholipids by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 14, 122–3.
Goodenowe, D. B., Cook, L. L., Liu, J., Lu, Y., Jayasinghe, D. A., Ahiahonu, P. W., Heath, D., Yamazaki, Y., Flax, J., Krenitsky, K. F., Sparks, D. L., Lerner, A., Friedland, R. P., Kudo, T., Kamino, K., Morihara, T., Takeda, M., and Wood, P. L. (2007) Peripheral ethanolamine plasmalogen deficiency: a logical causative factor in Alzheimer’s disease and dementia J Lipid Res 48, 2485–98.
Chilton, F. H., Rudel, L. L., Parks, J. S., Arm, J. P., and Seeds, M. C. (2008) Mechanisms by which botanical lipids affect inflammatory disorders Am J Clin Nutr 87, 498S–503S.
Surette, M. E., Stull, D., and Lindemann, J. (2008) The impact of a medical food containing gammalinolenic and eicosapentaenoic acids on asthma management and the quality of life of adult asthma patients Curr Med Res Opin 24, 559–67.
Lesnefsky, E. J., and Hoppel, C. L. (2008) Cardiolipin as an oxidative target in cardiac mitochondria in the aged rat Biochim Biophys Acta 1777, 1020–7.
Tyurina, Y. Y., Tyurin, V. A., Epperly, M. W., Greenberger, J. S., and Kagan, V. E. (2008) Oxidative lipidomics of gamma-irradiation-induced intestinal injury Free Radic Biol Med 44, 299–314.
Hazen, S. L. (2008) Oxidized phospholipids as endogenous pattern recognition ligands in innate immunity J Biol Chem 283, 15527–31.
Domingues, M. R., Reis, A., and Domingues, P. (2008) Mass spectrometry analysis of oxidized phospholipids Chem Phys Lipids 156, 1–12.
Tyurin, V. A., Tyurina, Y. Y., Kochanek, P. M., Hamilton, R., DeKosky, S. T., Greenberger, J. S., Bayir, H., and Kagan, V. E. (2008) Oxidative lipidomics of programmed cell death Methods Enzymol 442, 375–93.
Acknowledgments
This work was aided by a grant from the Human Frontier Science Programme (RGP0016/2005C).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2009 Humana Press, a part of Springer Science+Business Media, LLC
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
Quinn, P.J., Rainteau, D., Wolf, C. (2009). Lipidomics of the Red Cell in Diagnosis of Human Disorders. In: Armstrong, D. (eds) Lipidomics. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 579. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60761-322-0_7
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60761-322-0_7
Published:
Publisher Name: Humana Press, Totowa, NJ
Print ISBN: 978-1-60761-321-3
Online ISBN: 978-1-60761-322-0
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols