Skip to main content

Methods for the Analysis of HIV-1 Nucleocapsid Protein Interactions with Oligonucleotides

  • Protocol
HIV Protocols

Part of the book series: Methods In Molecular Biology™ ((MIMB,volume 485))

Abstract

HIV-1 Nucleocapsid protein (NC) is a small basic protein that contains two retroviral zinc fingers. It is a highly effective nucleic acid chaperone that plays a critical role in viral replication acting as a cofactor in reverse transcription as well as other aspects of the viral lifecycle. We have used a variety of biophysical techniques to characterize the high affinity binding of NC to a short deoxyoligonucleotide (d(TG)4). Here we outline in detail the use of fluorescence anisotropy and surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy to study the binding of NC to d(TG)4.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Protocol
USD 49.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Berkowitz, R., Fisher, J., Goff, S. P. (1996) RNA packaging. Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol 214, 177–218

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Feng, Y. X., Campbell, S., Harvin, D., et al. (1999) The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Gag polyprotein has nucleic acid chaperone activity: possible role in dimerization of genomic RNA. J Virol 73, 4251–4256

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Cen, S., Huang, Y., Khorchid, A., et al. (1999) The role of Pr55 (gag) in the annealing of tRNA3Lys to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 genomic RNA. J Virol 73, 4485–4488

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Swanstrom, R., Wills, J. W. (1997) Synthesis, assembly, and processing of viral proteins, in Retroviruses. (Coffin JM, Huges SH, Varmus HE. ed.) Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Plainview, NY, pp. 263–334

    Google Scholar 

  5. Rein, A., Henderson, L. E., Levin, J. G. (1998) Nucleic acid chaperone activity of retroviral nucleocapsid proteins: significance for viral replication. Trends Biochem Sci 23, 297–301

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Levin, J. G., Guo, J., Rouzina, I., et al. (2005) Nucleic acid chaperone activity of HIV-1 nucleocapsid protein: critical role in reverse transcription and molecular mechanism. Prog Nucleic Acid Res Mol Biol 80,217–286

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Fisher, R. J., Rein, A., Fivash, M. J., et al. (1998) Sequence-specific binding of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 nucleocapsid protein to short oligonucleotides. J Virol 72, 1902–1909

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Fisher, R. J., Fivash, M. J., Stephen, A. G., et al. (2006) Complex interactions of HIV-1 nucleocapsid protein with oligonucleotides. Nucleic Acids Res 34, 472–484

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Lakowicz, J. R. (1999) Fluorescence Aniso\-tropy, in Principles of Fluorescence Spectroscopy, 2nd ed., (Lakowicz JR, ed) Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, New York,pp. 291–320

    Google Scholar 

  10. Myszka, D. G. (1999) Improving biosensor analysis. J Mol Rec 12, 279–284

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Simpson, J. T., Fisher, R. J. (2005) Measurement of protein-protein interactions using surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy, in Protein-Protein Interactions, 2nd ed. (Golemis EA, Adams PD, ed) Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Plainview, NY pp. 355–376

    Google Scholar 

  12. Seidel, C. A. M., Schulz, A., Sauer, M. H. M. (1996) Nucleobase-specific quenching of fluorescent dyes. 1. Nucleobase one-electron redox potentials and their correlation with static and dynamic quenching efficiencies. J Phys Chem 100, 5541–5553

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Unruh, J. R., Gokulrangan, G., Lushington, G. H., et al. (2005) Orientational dynamics and dye-DNA interactions in a dye-labeled DNA aptamer. Biophys J 88, 3455–3465

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

We are very grateful to continued support by Matt Fivash on modeling of NC-oligo interactions. This project has been funded in whole or in part with federal funds from the National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, under contract N01-CO-12400. The content of this publication does not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the Department of Health and Human Services, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. This Research was supported [in part] by the Intramural Research Program and of the NIH, National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research and the Developmental Therapeutics Program in the Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis of the National Cancer Institute.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2009 Humana Press, a part of Springer Science+Business Media, LLC

About this protocol

Cite this protocol

Stephen, A.G., Fisher, R.J. (2009). Methods for the Analysis of HIV-1 Nucleocapsid Protein Interactions with Oligonucleotides. In: Prasad, V.R., Kalpana, G.V. (eds) HIV Protocols. Methods In Molecular Biology™, vol 485. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-170-3_15

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-170-3_15

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-58829-859-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-59745-170-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Protocols

Publish with us

Policies and ethics