Abstract
Normal and dying cells release various types of membrane-bound vesicles including microvesicles, exosomes, and apoptotic bodies. These vesicles play important roles in intercellular communication and signal transduction. However, their diverse forms and subtypes fluctuate in size and other properties. In result current purification approaches do not fully discriminate between different categories of extracellular vesicles. Here, we present a fluorescence technique that specifically identifies apoptotic bodies in preparations of microvesicles, exosomes, and other extracellular vesicles.
The approach exclusively labels the vesicles that contain DNA with 5′PO4 blunt-ended DNA breaks, such as those produced by the apoptotic CAD nuclease during apoptotic DNA degradation. The technique can be useful in studies of apoptosis involving microvesicles and exosomes.
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Acknowledgment
This research was supported by grant R01 NS082553 from the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health and by grants R21 CA178965 from the National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health and R21 AR066931 National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health (all to V.V.D.).
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Hauser, P., Wang, S., Didenko, V.V. (2017). Apoptotic Bodies: Selective Detection in Extracellular Vesicles. In: Kalyuzhny, A. (eds) Signal Transduction Immunohistochemistry. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 1554. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-6759-9_12
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-6759-9_12
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