Abstract
In modern livestock breeding, cryopreserved semen is routinely used for artificial insemination. Sperm cryopreservation secures future reproduction, and insemination doses can be easily shipped. Processing of semen for cryopreservation can be done with minimal efforts and relatively low costs. In this chapter we describe the entire cryopreservation process for stallion and bull sperm including dilution of sperm in primary and freezing extender, cooling and packaging in straws, freezing in liquid nitrogen vapor, cryogenic storage, and thawing. Special emphasis is given on preparation of commonly used primary and freezing extenders (skim milk extender “INRA-82”, TRIS-egg yolk extender “TEY”) used in a two-step dilution approach. Furthermore the different cooling rates needed in different temperature regimes during the freezing process are being described. Cryopreservation procedures are described in case of using both specialized automated equipment and simple equipment.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Johnson MD, Cooper AR, Jungheim ES, Lanzendorf SE, Odem RR, Ratts VS (2013) Sperm banking for fertility preservation: a 20-year experience. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 170:177–182
Curry MR (2000) Cryopreservation of semen from domestic livestock. Rev Reprod 5:46–52
Rodriguez-Martinez RM (2013) Sperm biotechnologies in domestic species: state of the art. Anim Reprod 10:268–276
Baracaldo MI, Barth AD, Bertrand W (2006) Steps for freezing bovine semen: from semen collection to the liquid nitrogen tank. In: IVIS Reviews in veterinary medicine, International Veterinary Information Service—IVIS (eds) Ithaca, NY. www.ivis.org
Vishvanath R, Shannon P (2000) Storage of bovine semen in liquid and frozen state. Anim Reprod Sci 62:23–53
Samper JC, Morris CA (1998) Current methods for stallion semen cryopreservation: a survey. Theriogenology 49:895–903
Vidament M (2005) French field results (1985–2005) on factors affecting fertility of frozen stallion semen. Anim Reprod Sci 89:115–136
Johnson LA, Weitze KF, Fiser P, Maxwell WMC (2000) Storage of boar semen. Anim Reprod Sci 62:143–172
Didion BA, Braun GD, Duggan MV (2013) Field fertility of frozen boar semen: a retrospective report comprising over 2600 AI services spanning a four year period. Anim Reprod Sci 137:189–196
Sieme H (2011) Freezing semen. In: McKinnon AO, Squires EL, Vaala WE, Varner DD (eds) Equine reproduction, 2nd edn. Blackwell Publishing Ltd., Chichester, UK, pp 2972–2982
Sieme H (2011) Semen extenders for frozen semen. In: McKinnon AO, Squires EL, Vaala WE, Varner DD (eds) Equine reproduction, 2nd edn. Blackwell Publishing Ltd., Chichester, UK, pp 2964–2971
Hancock JL (1957) The morphology of boar spermatozoa. J Roy Microsc Soc 76:84–97
Thibier M, Guerin B (2000) Hygienic aspects of storage and use of semen for artificial insemination. Anim Reprod Sci 62:233–251
Hurtgen JP (2000) Semen collection in stallions. In: Samper JC (ed) Equine breeding management and artificial insemination. W.B. Saunders Company, Pennsylvania, pp 61–69
Moore AI, Squires EL, Graham JK (2005) Effect of seminal plasma on the cryopreservation of equine spermatozoa. Theriogenology 63:2372–2381
Saragusty J, Gacitua H, Rozenboim I, Arav A (2009) Protective effects of iodixanol during bovine sperm cryopreservation. Theriogenology 71:1425–1432
Acknowledgments
Employees of the National Stud of Lower Saxony (Celle, Germany) and Masterrind GmbH (Verden, Germany) are acknowledged for sharing protocols.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2015 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
Sieme, H., Oldenhof, H. (2015). Cryopreservation of Semen from Domestic Livestock. In: Wolkers, W., Oldenhof, H. (eds) Cryopreservation and Freeze-Drying Protocols. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 1257. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2193-5_10
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2193-5_10
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-2192-8
Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-2193-5
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols