Skip to main content

Mouse Models of Phaeohyphomycosis

  • Protocol
  • First Online:
Antifungal Immunity

Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology ((MIMB,volume 2667))

  • 475 Accesses

Abstract

Infections by dematiaceous fungi especially phaeohyphomycosis are an emerging group of infectious diseases worldwide with a variety of clinical presentations. The mouse model is a useful tool for studying phaeohyphomycosis, which can mimic dematiaceous fungal infections in humans. Our laboratory has successfully constructed a mouse model of subcutaneous phaeohyphomycosis and found significant phenotypic differences between Card9 knockout and wild-type mice, mirroring the increased susceptibility to this infection observed in CARD9-deficient humans. Here we describe construction of the mouse model of subcutaneous phaeohyphomycosis and related experiments. We hope that this chapter can be beneficial for the study of phaeohyphomycosis and facilitate the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Protocol
USD 49.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 139.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Arcobello JT, Revankar SG (2020) Phaeohyphomycosis. Semin Respir Crit Care Med 41:131–140

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Moreno LF, Vicente VA, de Hoog S (2018) Black yeasts in the omics era: achievements and challenges. Med Mycol 56:32–41

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Seyedmousavi S, Netea MG, Mouton JW et al (2014) Black yeasts and their filamentous relatives: principles of pathogenesis and host defense. Clin Microbiol Rev 27:527–542

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  4. Chowdhary A, Perfect J, de Hoog GS (2014) Black molds and Melanized yeasts pathogenic to humans. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 5:a019570

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Wang X, Wang W, Lin Z et al (2014) CARD9 mutations linked to subcutaneous phaeohyphomycosis and TH17 cell deficiencies. J Allergy Clin Immunol 133:905–908

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Lanternier F, Barbati E, Meinzer U et al (2015) Inherited CARD9 deficiency in 2 unrelated patients with invasive Exophiala infection. J Infect Dis 211:1241–1250

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Wang X, Zhang R, Wu W et al (2018) Impaired specific antifungal immunity in CARD9-deficient patients with Phaeohyphomycosis. J Investig Dermatol 138:607–617

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Huang C, Zhang Y, Song Y et al (2019) Phaeohyphomycosis caused by Phialophora Americana with CARD9 mutation and 20-year literature review in China. Mycoses 62:908–919

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Arango-Franco CA, Moncada-Velez M, Beltran CP et al (2018) Early-onset invasive infection due to Corynespora cassiicola associated with compound heterozygous CARD9 mutations in a Colombian patient. J Clin Immunol 38:794–803

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Wang C, Xing H, Jiang X et al (2019) Cerebral Phaeohyphomycosis caused by Exophiala dermatitidis in a Chinese CARD9-deficient patient: a case report and literature review. Front Neurol 10:938

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  11. Guo Y, Zhu Z, Gao J et al (2019) The Phytopathogenic fungus Pallidocercospora crystallina-caused localized subcutaneous Phaeohyphomycosis in a patient with a homozygous missense CARD9 mutation. J Clin Immunol 39:713–725

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Perez L, Messina F, Negroni R et al (2020) Inherited CARD9 deficiency in a patient with both Exophiala spinifera and aspergillus nomius severe infections. J Clin Immunol 40:359–366

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  13. Hsu YM, Zhang Y, You Y et al (2007) The adaptor protein CARD9 is required for innate immune responses to intracellular pathogens. Nat Immunol 8:198–205

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Wu W, Zhang R, Wang X et al (2016) Impairment of immune response against dematiaceous fungi in Card9 knockout mice. Mycopathologia 181:631–642

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Wu W, Zhang R, Wang X et al (2018) Subcutaneous infection with dematiaceous fungi in Card9 knockout mice reveals association of impair neutrophils and Th cell response. J Dermatol Sci 92:215–218

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2023 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature

About this protocol

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this protocol

Zhang, Y., Li, R. (2023). Mouse Models of Phaeohyphomycosis. In: Drummond, R.A. (eds) Antifungal Immunity. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 2667. Humana, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-3199-7_12

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-3199-7_12

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Humana, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-0716-3198-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-0716-3199-7

  • eBook Packages: Springer Protocols

Publish with us

Policies and ethics