Skip to main content

Simulation of Proteins Modified with a Fluorescent Label

  • Protocol
  • First Online:
Structural Genomics

Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology ((MIMB,volume 2199))

Abstract

Fluorescent labeling of protein has been widely used in microbiology for detection and analysis. Molecular dynamics simulations provide vital supporting information for predictions and interpretations of experimental results. While force fields for proteins with regular amino acids are readily available, parameters for covalently attached fluorophores have to be incorporated into these force fields before they can be used for simulations. In this chapter, we shall discuss the methods to parameterize a fluorescent probe (fluorescein) attached to a cysteine, as a modified residue, for performing simulations with GROMACS.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Protocol
USD 49.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 99.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 129.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 199.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Toseland CP (2013) Fluorescent labeling and modification of proteins. J Chem Biol 6(3):85–95

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Ploetz E, Lerner E, Husada F, Roelfs M, Chung S, Hohlbein J, Weiss S, Cordes T (2016) Förster resonance energy transfer and protein-induced fluorescence enhancement as synergetic multi-scale molecular rulers. Sci Rep 6:33257

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Rainey KH, Patterson GH (2019) Photoswitching FRET to monitor protein–protein interactions. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 116(3):864–873

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Söveges B, Imre T, Póti ÁL, Sok P, Kele Z, Alexa A, Kele P, Németh K (2018) Tracking down protein–protein interactions via a FRET-system using site-specific thiol-labeling. Org Biomol Chem 16(32):5756–5763

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Margineanu A, Chan JJ, Kelly DJ, Warren SC, Flatters D, Kumar S, Katan M, Dunsby CW, French PMW (2016) Screening for protein-protein interactions using Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) and fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM). Sci Rep 6:28186

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Sousa da Silva AW, Vranken WF (2012) ACPYPE - AnteChamber PYthon Parser interfacE. BMC Res Notes 5(367):1–8

    Google Scholar 

  7. Wang J, Wang W, Kollman PA, Case DA (2006) Automatic atom type and bond type perception in molecular mechanical calculations. J Mol Graph Model 25:247–260

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Emsley P, Lohkamp B, Scott WG, Cowtan K (2010) Features and development of Coot. Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr 66:486–501

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Berendsen HJC, van der Spoel D, van Drunen R (1995) GROMACS: a message-passing parallel molecular dynamics implementation. Comput Phys Commun 91:43–56

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Hess B, Kutzner C, van der Spoel D, Lindahl E (2008) GRGMACS 4: algorithms for highly efficient, load-balanced, and scalable molecular simulation. J Chem Theory Comput 4:435–447

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Páll S, Abraham MJ, Kutzner C, Hess B, Lindahl E (2015) Tackling exascale software challenges in molecular dynamics simulations with GROMACS. In: Solving software challenges for exascale. Springer, Stockholm, pp 3–27

    Google Scholar 

  12. Lebedev AA, Young P, Isupov MN, Moroz OV, Vagin AA, Murshudov GN (2012) JLigand: a graphical tool for the CCP4 template-restraint library. Acta Crystallogr D Struct Biol 68(4):431–440

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. O’Boyle NM, Banck M, James CA, Morley C, Vandermeersch T, Hutchison GR (2011) Open Babel: an open chemical toolbox. Journal of Cheminformatics 3(33):1–14

    Google Scholar 

  14. Humphrey W, Dalke A, Schulten K (1996) VMD: visual molecular dynamics. J Mol Graph 14(1):33–38

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE (2000) The protein data bank. Nucleic Acids Res 28(1):235–242

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Tremblay LW, Hugonnet JE, Blanchard JS (2008) Structure of the covalent adduct formed between Mycobacterium tuberculosis β-lactamase and clavulanate. Biochemistry 47(19):5312–5316

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. van der Spoel D, Lindahl E, Hess B, GROMACS Development Team (2014) GROMACS User Manual version 4.6.7, Sweden

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Zoe Chan .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Appendices

Appendix A: Proper and Improper Angle (See Figs. 1 and 2)

Fig. 1
figure 1

Proper dihedral angle

Fig. 2
figure 2

Improper dihedral angle

Appendix B: npt

figure q

Appendix C: topolpatch

figure r

1.1 topolpatch.pl

figure s

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2021 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature

About this protocol

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this protocol

Chan, Z., Leung, YC. (2021). Simulation of Proteins Modified with a Fluorescent Label. In: Chen, Y.W., Yiu, CP.B. (eds) Structural Genomics. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 2199. Humana, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-0892-0_17

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-0892-0_17

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Humana, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-0716-0891-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-0716-0892-0

  • eBook Packages: Springer Protocols

Publish with us

Policies and ethics