Abstract
Tunnels in use are often affected by dynamic effects. The reliability method is adopted in this paper to comprehensively examine the uncertainty parameters of the structure and the fractures within the rock mass. A damage variable is included in the permeability expression to analyze the changes in the safety to the tunnel roof with fractures, the width of the fractures, and the changes in permeability under dynamic disturbances. It is found that a single dynamic disturbance has little impact on the reliability of the structure, but there is a considerable potential safety hazard to the structure after multiple dynamic disturbances. When a disturbance occurs several times, the failure probability of the structure can increase sharply and the structure can experience rapid failure. In considering seepage in the rock mass, initially, the permeability of rock can be neglected comparison to that that of a fracture. However, when structural damage occurs, the permeability of the fracture increases exponentially, and the permeability of rock also changes dynamically.
Article Highlights
In order to study the damage characteristics of a tunnel roof under dynamic disturbance based on the reliability theory, three points are proposed in this paper:
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First, a single dynamic disturbance has little influence on the tunnel reliability. During the disturbance, the stress and reliability of the structure go through a rising—stable—falling process. However, due to the influence of damage, the reliability of the structure cannot be restored to its initial state after the disturbance ends. After the disturbance reaches a certain number of times, the failure probability of the structure will suddenly increase intensely. Therefore, in a structural safety assessment, the damage to the structure should not be ignored just because the damage due to a single disturbance is low.
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Second, the permeability of the fracture is not constant but changes during structural damage. The fracture permeability was seen to increase by three times after multiple disturbances. Therefore, it is necessary to take the dynamic permeability characteristics of the rock mass into consideration in the research and analysis of rock mass permeability. Moreover, the permeability of the rock itself can be neglected compared with that of the fracture.
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Third, as the damage increases, the fracture width will expand continuously, but this expansion can be approximately regarded as a linear expansion. At the same time, in the process of decreasing structural safety, the difference between the structural safety analysis with and without fractures is also larger. Therefore, it is particularly important to consider the influence of fractures in the reliability safety assessment of tunnel structures.
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Acknowledgements
The modelling concepts presented in the paper were developed by APSS. The COMSOL modelling were done by TY. This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.U1602232), the Liaoning Province Science and technology plan, China (2019JH2-10100035), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (N170108029) and the China Scholarship Council for a joint Ph.D. fellowship.
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Yang, T., Selvadurai, A.P.S. & Wang, S. The influence of seepage characteristics on the reliability of a tunnel roof under dynamic disturbances. Geomech. Geophys. Geo-energ. Geo-resour. 7, 92 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40948-021-00268-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40948-021-00268-z