摘要
本文首先概括了上世纪隐身技术雏形、 隐身参数计算机理、 探测技术等的发展历史以及吸波材料的常见分类. 然后指出材料合成中多注重性能均衡的复合设计, 并着眼于反射损耗与阻抗匹配参数等性能调控方式, 如微观组分调节、 形貌设计等. 近十年来, 随着应用需求的提高, 电磁波吸收为主的隐身材料趋向于低频、 宽频的应用需求, 外场调控、 阻抗渐变等设计思路引起关注. 而随着航空航天、 地面装备等实际需求的增加, 电磁波吸收材料逐渐向红外/可见光等多频谱兼容、 服役性能等方向发展. 如何实现红外发射率可调、 可见光透明或伪装、 耐苛刻环境成为了亟待解决的热点问题.
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Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51971111), the Postgraduate Research & Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province (KYCX22_3555) and the Foundation of National Key Laboratory (6142908-KQ111501114).
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Author contributions Zhao Y wrote the manuscript with the help of Ji G. Ji G provided important feedback and information.
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Yue Zhao is a PhD candidate at the College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics. His research focuses on the electromagnetic wave absorption/shielding materials and multi-functional nano/micro-materials synthesis. He received a B.Eng. degree in applied chemistry from Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics.
Guangbin Ji is currently a full professor at the College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics. He is an editorial board member of Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, Current Nanoscience, and Nanomaterials. His major research interests include microwave absorption/shielding and magnetic materials.
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Zhao, Y., Ji, G. Multi-spectrum bands compatibility: New trends in stealth materials research. Sci. China Mater. 65, 2936–2941 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40843-022-2074-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40843-022-2074-5