Abstract
Although significant progress has been achieved in developing high energy aqueous zinc ion hybrid super-capacitors (ZHSCs), the sluggish diffusion of zinc ion (Zn2+) and unsatisfactory cathodes still hinder their energy density and cycling life span. This work demonstrates the use of nitrogen-doped mesoporous carbon nanospheres (NMCSs) with appropriately hierarchical pore distribution and enhanced zinc ion storage capability for efficient Zn2+ storage. The as-prepared aqueous ZHSC delivers a significant specific capacity of 157.8 mA h g−1, a maximum energy density of 126.2 W h kg−1 at 0.2 A g−1, and an ultra-high power density of 39.9 kW kg−1 with a quick charge time of 5.5 s. Furthermore, the ZHSC demonstrates an ultra-long cycling life span of 50,000 cycles with an exciting capacity retention of 96.2%. More interestingly, a new type of planar ZHSC is fabricated with outstanding low-temperature electrochemical performance, landmark volumetric energy density of 31.6 mW h cm−3, and excellent serial and parallel integration. Mechanism investigation verifies that the superior electrochemical capability is due to the synergistic effect of cation and anion adsorption, as well as the reversible chemical adsorption of NMCSs. This work provides not only an innovative strategy to construct and develop novel high-performance ZHSCs, but also a deeper understanding of the electrochemical characteristics of ZHSCs.
摘要
尽管高能量水系锌离子超级电容器(ZHSCs)的研究取得了重要 的进展, 但缓慢的锌离子扩散及不理想的阴极材料仍然限制了其能量 密度和循环寿命. 在本文中, 我们设计了具有合适的孔径分布及优异的 锌离子储存能力的氮掺杂分级碳球(NMCSs). 组装的ZHSCs在0.2 A g−1 的电流密度下, 表现出优异的电容量(157.8 mA h g−1)及能量密度 (126.2 W h kg−1), 具有卓越的功率密度(39.9 kW kg−1). 此外, ZHSCs表 现出了超长的循环稳定性, 在50,000次循环测试后仍能保持96.2%的初 始电容量. 此外, 我们设计了一种新型的平面ZHSCs, 表现出优异的低 温电化学性能, 超高的体积能量密度(31.6 mW h cm−3)和极佳的集成性 能. 通过原位/非原位表征, 系统地揭示了NMCSs电极优异的电化学性 能主要来源于阳离子和阴离子的协同吸附以及NMCSs的可逆化学吸附 作用机理. 本工作不仅为新型高性能ZHSCs的构建和开发提供了新思 路, 也为进一步理解ZHSCs的电化学储能机理提供了依据.
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Acknowledgements
This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (52063019, 51973088, and 51761135114), the “Double Thousand Plan” Science and Technology Innovation High-end Talent Project of Jiangxi Province (jxsq2019201107), the International Science and Technology Cooperation of Jiangxi Province (20203BDH80W011) and the Graduate Students Innovation Special Foundation of Jiangxi Province (YC2021-B017).
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Peng Z conceived the idea of this study and wrote the manuscript. Peng Z, Guo J, He Q, and Li S conducted the experiments and analyzed the data. Chen Y and Tan L revised the paper and supervised the project. The paper was discussed through the contributions of all the authors.
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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
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Experimental details and supporting data are available in the online version of the paper.
Zhongyou Peng is a PhD candidate at the College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Institute of Polymers and Energy Chemistry, Nanchang University. He received his BE degree from Nanchang University in 2018. His current research interests include the synthesis and characterization of nanomaterials for supercapacitors, planar supercapacitors, and hybrid ion capacitors.
Licheng Tan received her PhD degree from Nanchang University in 2012 under the supervision of Professor Yiwang Chen. In 2011, she joined Professor Andreas Greiner’s group at the University of Marburg in Germany for cooperation research. She is currently a professor at Nanchang University. She was awarded as a National Excellent Young Scholar. Her current scientific interests include perovskite solar cells, polymer solar cells, and supercapacitors.
Yiwang Chen is a full professor of chemistry at Nanchang University and Jiangxi Normal University. He received his PhD degree from Peking University in 1999 and conducted his postdoctoral work at Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz and Philipps-Universität Marburg in Germany, being awarded an Alexander von Humboldt fellowship. He joined Nanchang University in 2004. He was honored by the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars in 2014. He has been serving as vice president of Jiangxi Normal University since 2019, and as director of the Institute of Polymers and Energy Chemistry at Nanchang University since 2004. He was the dean of the College of Chemistry at Nanchang University in 2009–2019. His research interests include polymer solar cells, perovskite solar cells, supercapacitors, electrocatalysis for zinc-air batteries, and intelligent elastomer.
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Hierarchically nitrogen-doped mesoporous carbon nanospheres with dual ion adsorption capability for superior rate and ultra-stable zinc ion hybrid supercapacitors
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Peng, Z., Guo, J., He, Q. et al. Hierarchically nitrogen-doped mesoporous carbon nanospheres with dual ion adsorption capability for superior rate and ultra-stable zinc ion hybrid supercapacitors. Sci. China Mater. 65, 2401–2411 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40843-021-2006-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40843-021-2006-y