Abstract
A series of ethyl-vinyl alcohol (EVOH) nanocomposite films with exfoliated graphite nanosheets (EGn) were prepared via a solution blending method and their physical and moisture barrier properties were investigated as a function of the EGn content. The physical properties were strongly dependent upon the chemical and morphological structures originating from the differences in EGn composition. The nanocomposite films showed no strong interactions between the polymer and EGn filler, and this resulted in poor dispersion in relatively high content EVOH/EGn nanocomposites. With increasing content of EGn particles, the water vapor transmission rate varied in the range of 1.29 to 3.14 cc/m2/day and the water uptake greatly decreased from 9.1 to 3.4 wt%. The water resistance capacity of EVOH was greatly enhanced and moisture diffusion in the pure EVOH film was retarded by introducing the EGn. However, thermal stabilities were not improved by incorporating EGn due to the poor interaction between EVOH polymer chains and the EGn surface.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Explore related subjects
Discover the latest articles, news and stories from top researchers in related subjects.Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
S. M. E. Selke, J. D. Culter, and R. Z. Hernandez, Plastic Packaging; Properties, Processing, Applications, and Regulations, Hanser Gardner Publication, Munich, 2004.
L. Cabedo, E. Gimenez, J. M. Lagaron, R. Gavara, and J. J. Saura, Polymer, 456, 5233 (2004).
H. M. Jeong, B. C. Kim, and E. H. Kim, J. Mater. Sci., 40, 3783 (2005).
J. M. Lagaron and E. Nunez, J. Plast. Film Sheet., 28, 79 (2011).
K. Kim, W. Sung, H. Park, Y. Lee, S. Han, and W. Kim, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 92, 2069 (2004).
T. V. Duncan, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 363, 1 (2011).
J. Liang, Y. Huang, L. Zhang, Y. Wang, Y. Ma, T. Guo, and Y. Chen, Adv. Funct. Mater., 19, 1 (2009).
C. Bao, Y. Guo, L. Song, and Y. Hu, J. Mater. Chem., 21, 13942 (2011).
R. Sengupta, M. Bhattacharya, S. Bandyopadhyay, and A. K. Bhowmick, Prog. Polym. Sci., 36, 638 (2011).
M. Xiao, L. Sun, J. J. Liu, Y. Li, and K. Gong, Polymer, 43, 2245 (2002).
G. Chen, D. Wu, W. Weng, D. Wu, and C. Wu, Europ. Polym. J., 39, 2329 (2003).
F. M. Uhl, Q. Yao, H. Nakajima, E. Manias, and C. A. Wilkie, Polym. Degrad. Stab., 89, 70 (2005).
K. Kalaitzidou, H. Fukushima, and L. T. Drzal, Compos. Sci. Technol., 67, 2045 (2007).
A. Yasmi, J. Luo, and I. M. Daniel, Compos. Sci. Technol., 66, 1179 (2006).
J. R. Potts, D. R. Dreyer, C. W. Bielawski, and R. S. Ruoff, Polymer, 52, 5 (2011).
T. Wei, Z. Fan, G. Luo, C. Zheng, and D. Xie, Carbon, 47, 313 (2008).
H. Kim, Y. Miura, and C. W. Macosko, Chem. Mater., 22, 3441 (2011).
Y. Lee, D. Kim, H. Kwon, J. Seo, H. Han, and S. B. Khan, Polym. Int., Accepted 2012.
J. C. Wang, X. B. Wang, C. H. Xu, M. Zhang, and X. P. Shang, Polym. Int., 60, 816 (2011).
D. W. Chae and B. C. Kim, Polym. Adv. Technol., 16, 846 (2005).
E. Tang, H. Liu, L. Sun, E. Zheng, and G. Cheng, Eur. Polym. J., 43, 4210 (2007).
H. B. Lee, A. V. Raghu, K. S. Yoon, and H. M. Jeong, J. Macromol. Sci. Phys., 49, 802 (2010).
S. M. Oh, K. M. Oh, T. D. Dao, H. I. Lee, H. M. Jeong, and B. K. Kim, Polym. Int., 62, 54 (2012).
M. Li and Y. G. Jeong, Composites A, 42, 560 (2011).
K. P. Pramoda, H. Hussain, H. M. Koh, H. R. Tan, and C. B. He, J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Polym. Chem., 48, 4262 (2010).
B. J. Lee, Bull. Korean Chem. Soc., 23, 1801 (2002).
G. Chen, D. Wu, W. Weng, and W. Yan, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 82, 2506 (2001).
T. Ramanthan, A. A. Abdala, S. Stankovich, D. A. Dikin, M. Herrera-Alonso, R. D. Piner, D. H. Admson, H. C. Schniepp, X. Chen, R. S. Ruoff, S. T. Nguyen, I. A. Aksay, R. K. Prud’homme, and L. C. Brinson, Nat. Nanotechnol, 3, 327 (2008).
J. C. Wang, X. B. Wang, C. H. Xu, M. Zhang, and X. P. Shang, Polym. Int., 60, 816 (2011).
H. Kim and C. W. Macosko, Polymer, 50, 3797 (2009).
S. K. Bajpai, N. Chand, and V. Chaurasia, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 115, 674 (2010).
J. Seo H. Han, Polym. Degrad. Stab., 77, 477 (2002).
L. Li, M. J. Liu, and S. Li, Polymer, 45, 2837 (2004).
S. T. Palakattukunnel, S. Thomas, P. A. Sreekumar, and S. Bandyopadhyay, J. Polym. Res., 18, 1277 (2011).
Y. Yoshida, R. Sachdeva, and S. Miyazaki, J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Med., 3, 306 (1992).
X. Shi and Z. Gan, Eur. Polym. J., 43, 4852 (2007).
J. Li, J. K. Kim, and M. L. Sham, Scr. Mater., 53, 235 (2005).
J. T. Choi, D. H. Kim, D. S. Ryu, H.I. Lee, H. M. Jeong, C. M. Shin, J. H. Kim, and B. K. Kim, Macromol. Res., 19, 809 (2011).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kwon, H., Kim, D., Seo, J. et al. Enhanced moisture barrier films based on EVOH/exfoliated graphite (EGn) nanocomposite films by solution blending. Macromol. Res. 21, 987–994 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13233-013-1124-4
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13233-013-1124-4