Abstract
Four sources of surface heat flux (SHF) and the satellite remote sensing sea surface temperature (SST) data are combined to investigate the heat budget closure of the Huanghai Sea (HS) in winter. It is found that heat loss occurs all over the HS during winter and the area averaged heat content change decreases with a rate of −106 W/m2. Comparing with the area averaged SHF of −150 W/m−2 from the four SHF data sets, it can be concluded that the SHF plays a dominant role in the HS heat budget during winter. In contrast, the heat advection transported by the Huanghai Warm Current (Yellow Sea Warm Current, HWC) accounted for up to 29% of the HS heat content change. Close correlation, especially in February, between the storm events and the SST increase demonstrates that the HWC behaves strongly as a wind-driven compensation current.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Explore related subjects
Discover the latest articles, news and stories from top researchers in related subjects.Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
Blumberg A F. 1996. An estuarine and coastal ocean version of POM. Proceedings of the Princeton Ocean Model Users Meeting, Princeton, NJ
Chen S J, He W H, Yao S Y, et al. 1992. Definition of ocean and climatic season in the coastal sea of China. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 14(6): 1–11
Csanady G T. 1981. Circulation in the coastal ocean. Adv Geophys, 23: 101–183
Guan B X. 1994. Patterns and structures of the currents in Bohai, Huanghai and East China Seas. Oceanology of China Seas (in Chinese), 1: 17–26
Guo B H. 1993. Major Features of the Physical Oceanography in the Yellow Sea. Chineses Science Bulletin (in Chinese), 11(3): 7–18
Guo B H, Zou E M, Xiong X J, et a1. 2000. The seasonal variabilities of the sea water exchange between the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 22(Supp1): 13–23
Harney R. 1971. Surface thermal boundary condition for ocean circulation models. J Phys Oceanogr, 1: 241–248
Hsueh Y, Romea R D, De W, et al. 1986. Wintertime winds and coastal sea level fluctuations in the northeast China Sea: Part 2. Numerical model. J Phys Oceano, 16(2): 241–261
Huang D J, Fan X P, Tong D X, et al. 2005. Westward shift of the Yellow Sea warm salty tongue. Geophysical Research Letter, 32: L24613, doi:10.1029/2005GL024749
Josey S A, Kent E C, Tayor P K. 1998. The Southampton Oceanography Centre (SOC) Ocean-atmosphere Heat, Momentum and Freshwater Flux Atlas. Southampton, UK: Southampton Oceanography Centre, Report, 6: 1–33
Kitoh A. 2006. Asian monsoons in the future. In: Wang B, ed. The Asian Monsoon. Berlin: Springe, 631–649
Le K T, Mao H L. 1990. Wintertime structures of temperature and salinity of the southern Huanghai (Yellow) Sea and its current systems. Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica (in Chinese), 21(6): 505–515
Lick W, Xu Y, McNeil J. 1995. Resuspension properties of sediments from the Fox, Saginaw, and Buffalo Rivers. Journal of Great Lakes Research, 21(2): 257–274
Liu X Q. 1996. Numerical simulation of the Yellow Sea wintertime circulation. Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica (in Chinese), 27(5): 546–555
Ma J, Qiao F L, Xia C S, et al. 2006. Effects of the Yellow Sea Warm Current on the winter temperature distribution in a numerical model. J Geophy Res, 111: C11S04, doi:10.1029/2005JC003171
Nitani H. 1972. Beginning of the Kuroshio. In: Stommel H, Yoshida K, eds. Kuroshio, Physical Aspects of the Japan Current. Seattle: University of Wash Press, 129–156
Qiao L L. 2008. Circulation and sediments transport due to winter storms in the Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea (in Chinese): [dissertation]. Qingdao: Ocean University of China, 106
Riedlinger S K, Jacobs G A. 2000. Study of the dynamics wind-driven transports into the Yellow Sea during winter. J Geophys Res, 105(C12): 28695–28708
Tang Y X, Zou E M, Lie H J. 2001. On the origin and path of the Huanghai Warm Current during winter and early spring. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 23(1): 1–12
Teague W J, Jacobs G A. 2000. Current observations on the development of the Yellow Sea Warm Current. J Geophys Res, 105(C2): 3401–3411
Uda M. 1936. The results of simultaneous oceanographical investigations in the Japan Sea and its adjacent waters during October and November, 1933. J Imp Fish Ecrp St, 7: 91–151
Wang J, Yuan Y. 1988. Numerical modeling of wintertime circulation in the East China Sea. Chinese J Oceano Limno, 6(4): 300–319
Wang X H, Symonds G. 1999. Coastal embayment circulation due to atmospheric cooling. J Geophys Res, 104: 29801–29816
Wang X H. 2005. Circulation of the northern Adriatic Sea (Italy) due to a Bora event in January 2001: a numerical model study. Ocean modeling, 10: 253–271
Xie S P, Hafner J, Tanimoto Y, et al. 2002. Bathymetric effect on the winter sea surface temperature and climate of the Yellow and East China Seas. Geophysical Research Letters, 29(24): doi: 10.1029/2002GL015884
Yu L, Jin X, Weller R A. 2008. Multidecade global flux datasets from the objectively analyzed air-sea fluxes (OAFlux) project: latent and sensible heat fluxes, ocean evaporation, and related surface meteorological variables. OAFlux Project Technical Report, OA-2008-01. Woods Hole, Massachusetts: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 1–64
Yuan Y L, Guo B H, Sun X P. 1993. Physical oceanography in Pan-Yellow Sea Region. Chineses Science Bulletin (in Chinese), 11(3): 1–6
Zang J Y, Tang Y X, Zou E M, et al. 2001. Analysis of Yellow Sea circulation. Chineses Science Bulletin (in Chinese), 46(Suppl): 7–15
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Foundation item: The National Natural Science Foundation Project “Sedimentary dynamic mechanism of the Huanghai Warm Current” of China under contract No.40906025; the State Basic Research Program of China under contract No. 2010CB428704; the National Natural Science Foundation of China “ The process and mechanism of the increasing of surface temperature in the past 30 years in the adjacent seas of China” under contract No. 40930844; the Formation and development of the muddy deposition in the central southern Huanghai Sea, and its relation with climate and environmental change of Ocean University of China under contract No.41030856; the Scientific Research Fund of the Second Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration of China under contract No. JT1007; the Public Science and Technology Research Funds Projects of Ocean under contract Nos 200905001 and 201005019; the National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract No.41006002.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Qiao, L., Wang, X., Wang, Y. et al. Winter heat budget in the Huanghai Sea and the effect from Huanghai Warm Current (Yellow Sea Warm Current). Acta Oceanol. Sin. 30, 56–63 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13131-011-0147-y
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13131-011-0147-y