Abstract
A 1248 m long core (KBH 07, 17°18′07″ N; 73°47′28.2″E, 960m above msl) drilled up to basement in the Deccan traps from Koyna region was sampled at ∼10m interval for magnetic mineralogical studies.Analysis of routine rock magnetic parameters (mass specific magnetic susceptibility: χlf, frequency dependence of susceptibility: χfd, susceptibility of anhysteretic remanance: χARM, saturation isothermal remanance: SIRM, remanance coercivty: B(0)CR, SoftIRM, HardIRM, S-Ratio, SIRM/χlf, χARM/χlf) and density (σ, gm/cc) depicted significant higher order temporal variation. The χlf varies between 13 and 309 x 10-8m3/kg and is independent of density variation. The χARM, B(0)CR and S-Ratios indicate majority of SD-PSD ferrimagnets with episodes of MD ferrimagnetic concentration and few hard coercivity components. The giant plagioclase lath bearing (GPB) horizons show highest variability of ferrimagnetic concentration marked by anomalous peaks. Overall the variability of rock magnetic parameters independent of lava flow units suggest that the changeover in magnetic mineral concentration, composition and domain size occur at major episodes in magma composition (e.g., primary source, crustal contamination and fractional crystallization). The studied parameters are therefore examined to mark intervals of (i) magma compositional changes, (ii) zones of oxidative conditions and (iii) rapid/slow cooling intervals demanding detailed petrologic studies. We identified one I order trend, four II order cycles and eight III order cycles for the purpose of correlation. Notable peak in χlf at 650–700m, the changeover in rock magnetic parameters at ∼930 m and ∼280 m can facilitate marker intervals while several higher order variations can be adopted for high resolution correlation to other boreholes in the region. The complex variation in rock magnetic parameters independent of flow units reflect temporal magnitudes of compositional variability, cooling and emplacement history that needs detailed petro-mineralogical attempts; and the present data is useful for high order inter-core correlations under the deep drilling program.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
Beane, J.E., Turner, C.A., Hooper, P.R., Subbarao, K.V. and Walsh, J.N. (1986) Stratigraphy, composition and form of the Deccan Basalts, Western Ghats, India. Bull. Volcanol., v.48, pp.61–83.
Borges, M.L. (2007) Life Cycle of Deccan Trap Magma Chambers: A Crystal Scale Elemental and Strontium Isotopic Investigation. Ph.D. Dissertation, Florida International University, Miami, USA. 165p.
Borges, M.R., Sen, G., Hart, G.L., Wolff, J.A., Chandrasekharam, D. (2013) Plagio-clase as recorder of magma chamber processes in the Deccan Traps: Sr-isotope zoning and implications for Deccan eruptive event. Jour. Asian Earth Sci., v.84, pp. 95–101. DOI: 10.1016/j.jseaes.2013.10.034.
Chenet, A.-L., Fluteau, F., Courtillot, V., Gérard, M. and Subbarao, K.V. (2008) Determination of rapid Deccan eruptions across the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary using paleomagnetic secular variation: Results from a 1200-mthick section in the Mahabaleshwar escarpment. Jour. Geophys. Res., v.113, B04104.
Collinson, D.W. (1983) Methods in Rock Magnetism and Palaeomagnetism: Techniques and Instrumentation. Chapman and Hall, New York, 503p
Cox, K.G. and Hawkesworth, J. (1985) Geochemical Stratigraphy of the Deccan Traps at Mahabaleshwar, Western Ghats, India, with Implications for Open System Magmatic Processes. Jour. Petrol., v.26, pp.355–377.
Devey, C.W. and Lightfoot, P.C. (1986) Volcanological and tectonic control of stratigraphy and structure in the western Deccan Traps. Bull. Volcanol., v.48, pp.195–207.
Dunlop, D.J. and Ozdemir, O. (1997) Rock magnetism, Fundamentals and frontiers. Cambridge Studies in Magnetism Series. xxi+573p. Cambridge.
Evans, M.E. and Heller, F. (2003). Environmental Magnetism: Principles and Applications of Enviromagnetics. Academic, San Diego, California. 311p.
Hooper, P.R., Subbarao, K.V. and Beane, J.E. (1988) The giant plagioclase basalts (GPBs) of the Western Ghats, Deccan Traps. Mem. Geol. Soc. India, no.10, pp.135–144.
Lightfoot, P., Hawkesworth, C., Devey, C.W., Rogers, N.W. and Calsteren, P.W.C. (1990) Source and differentiation of Deccan Trap lavas: implications of geochemical and mineral chemical variations. Jour. Petrol., v.31, pp.1165–1200.
Liu, Q., Roberts, A.P., Larrasoaña, J.C., Banerjee, S.K., Guyodo, Y., Tauxe, L. and Oldfeld, F. (2012) Environmental magnetism: principles and applications. Rev. Geophys., v.50(4), RG4002, pp.1–50. DOI:10.1029/ 2012RG000393.
Mahoney, J.J. (1988) Deccan Traps. In: Macdougall, J.D. (Ed.), Continental flood basalts. (Dorrecht: Kluwer-Academic), pp. 151–194.
Melluso, L., Mahoney, J. J. and Dallai, L. (2006) Mantle sources and crustal input as recorded in high-Mg Deccan Traps basalts of Gujarat (India). Lithos, v.89, pp.259–274.
Michael, D.H. and Chandrasekharam, D. (2007) Nature of Sub-volcanic Magma Chambers, Deccan Province, India: Evidence from Quantitative Textural Analysis of Plagioclase Megacrysts in the Giant Plagioclase Basalts. Jour. Petrol., v.48(5), pp.885–900. doi:10.1093/petrology/egm005.
Mitchell, C. and Widdowson, M. (1991) A geological map of the southern Deccan Traps, India and its structural implications. Jour. the Geol Soc, London, v.148, pp.495–505.
Peng, Z.X., Mahoney, J.J., Hooper, P.R., Harris, C. and Beane, J.E. (1994) A role for lower continental crust in flood basalt genesis? Isotopic and incompatible element study of the lower six formations of the western Deccan traps. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, v.58, pp.267–288.
Peng, Z.X., Mahoney, J.J., Hooper, P.R., Macdougall, J.D. and Krishnamurthy, P. (1998) Basalts of the northeastern Deccan Traps, India: Isotopic and elemental geochemistry and relation to southwestern Deccan stratigraphy. Jour. Geophys. Res., v.103/29, pp.843–829.
Radhakrishna Murthy, C. and Likhite, S. D. (1970b) Relation between Thermal Variation of Low-field Susceptibility and Magnetic Hysteresis in Basalts. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., v.9, pp.294–298.
Radhakrishna Murthy, C., and Deutsch, E. R. (1974) Magnetic Techniques for Ascertaining the Nature of Iron Oxide Grains in Basalts. Jour. Geophys. Res., v.40, pp.453–465.
Radhakrishnamurty, C. and Subbarao, K.V. (1990) Palaeomagnetism and rock magnetism of Deccan traps. Proc. Indian Acad. Sci. (Earth Planet. Sci.), v.99(4),, pp.669–680.
Rahdakrishanamurty, C., Likehite, S.D. and Sahasrabhude, P.W., (1977) Nature of magnetic grains and their effects on the remanent Magnetization of basalt. Phys. Earth Planet. Inter., v.13, pp.289–300.
Radhakrishnamurty, C., Likhite, S.D., Deutsch, E.R. and Murthy, G.S. (1981) A comparison of the magnetic properties of synthetic titanomagnetities and basalts. Phys. Earth. Planet. Inter., v.26, pp.37–46.
RadhakrishnaMurthy, C. (1990) Mixed Domain States of Magnetic Grains in Basalts and Implications for Palaeomagnetism. Phys. Earth Planet. Inter., v.64, pp.348–354.
Sangode, S.J. (2014) Applications of Magnetic Stratigraphy into Quaternary Records of India. Gondwana Geol. Mag., v.29 (1 and 2), pp.67–86.
Sangode, S.J., Sharma, R., Mahajan, R., Basavaiah, N., Srivastava P., Gudadhe, S.S., Meshram, D.C., Venkateshwarulu, M. (2017) Anisotropy of Magnetic Susceptibility and Rock Magnetic Applications in the Deccan Volcanic Province based on some Case Studies. Jour. Geol. Soc. India, v.89, pp.631–642.
Sen, G. (1995) A simple petrologic model for the generation of Deccan Traps magmas. Internat. Geol. Rev., v.37, pp.825–850.
Sen, G. (2001) Generation of Deccan Trap magmas. Proc. Indian National Science Academy, v.110, pp.409–431.
Sheth, H. C. and Melluso, L. (2008) The Mount Pavagadh volcanic suite, Deccan Traps: Geochemical stratigraphy and magmatic evolution. Jour. Asian Earth Sci.s, v.32, pp.5–21.
Sparks, R.S.J. and Huppert, H.E. (1984) Density changes during the fractional crystallization of basaltic magmas: fluid dynamic implications. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., v.85, pp.300–309.
Subbarao, K.V. and Hooper, P.R. (1988) Reconnaissance map of the Deccan Basalt Group in the Western Ghats, India; In: Deccan Flood Basalts. K.V. Subbarao (Ed.), Mem. Geol. Soc. India, no.10 (enclosure).
Subbarao, K.V., Chandrasekharam, D., Navaneethakrishnan, P., and Hooper, P.R. (1994) Stratigraphy and structure of parts of the central Deccan basalt province: Eruptive models. In: Volcanism, K.V. Subbarao (Ed.), Wiley Eastern, New Delhi, pp.321–332
Subbarao, K.V., Bodas, M.S., Hooper, P.R. and Walsh, J.N. (1988) Petrogenesis of Jawhar and Igatpuri formations western Deccan basalt province, in Deccan Flood Basalts. K.V. Subbarao (Ed.). Mem. Geol. Soc. India, no.10, pp.253–280.
Subbarao, K.V., Bodas, M.S., Khadri, S.F.R. and Beane, J.E. (2000) Penrose Deccan 2000, Field Excursion Guide to the Western Deccan Basalt Province. Penrose Field Guides, Geol. Soc. India, Bangalore (enclosure).
Thompson, R. and Oldfield, F. (1986) Environmental Magnetism. Allen and Unwin, Winchester, Mass., doi:10.1007/978-94-011-8036-8.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Sangode, S.J., Venkateshwarulu, M., Mahajan, R. et al. Magnetic mineralogical variability along Deccan trap basalt borehole (KBH07), Koyna deep continental drilling program, western Maharashtra, India. J Geol Soc India 90, 769–775 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12594-017-0789-2
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12594-017-0789-2