Abstract
Heat source model is an important part when carrying out simulations of welding processes. The calibration process involves a great amount of numerical simulations or theoretical deductions with many simplifications. In this paper, an interaction finite element and optimization algorithm package is programmed to automatically calibrate heat source models. The results are then used to establish mathematical relationships between parameters of heat source and welding process variables. The models show that the absorption efficiency and depth of heat source are exponential functions of depth of focus and laser power, respectively while radius of heat source is determined by depth of focus quadratically.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
Abbreviations
- c :
-
specific heat capacity
- D f :
-
depth of defocus of a heat
- f :
-
frequency of laser pulse
- H :
-
depth of a heat source
- I :
-
current for laser generation
- k :
-
thermal conductivity
- q :
-
heat flux density of laser on workpiece
- \(\dot q\) :
-
rate of heat distributed in workpiece
- Q :
-
laser power
- r 0 :
-
radius of a heat source
- r :
-
radial distance of a point from the symmetric heat source axis
- t :
-
time
- T :
-
temperature
- ν :
-
scanning speed of laser beam
- ρ :
-
density
- η :
-
energy absorption efficiency
References
Lindgren, L.-E., “Finite Element Modeling and Simulation of Welding Part 1: Increased Complexity,” Journal of Thermal Stresses, Vol. 24, No. 2, pp. 141–192, 2001.
Lindgren, L.-E., “Computational Welding Mechanics: Thermomechanical and Microstructural Simulations,” Woodhead Publishing, 2007.
Deshpande, A., Tanner, D., Sun, W., Hyde, T., and McCartney, G., “Combined Butt Joint Welding and Post Weld Heat Treatment Simulation Using Sysweld and Abaqus,” Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L: Journal of Materials: Design and Applications, Vol. 225, No. 1, pp. 1–10, 2011.
Klobcar, D., Tušek, J., and Taljat, B., “Finite Element Modeling of GTA Weld Surfacing Applied to Hot-Work Tooling,” Computational Materials Science, Vol. 31, Nos. 3–4, pp. 368–378, 2004.
Kim, K., Lee, J., and Cho, H., “Analysis of Pulsed Nd: YAG Laser Welding of AISI 304 Steel,” Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology, Vol. 24, No. 11, pp. 2253–2259, 2010.
Karkhin, V., Pittner, A., Schwenk, C., and Rethmeier, M., “Simulation of Inverse Heat Conduction Problems in Fusion Welding with Extended Analytical Heat Source Models,” Frontiers of Materials Science, Vol. 5, No. 2, pp. 119–125, 2011.
Goldak, J. A. and Akhlaghi, M., “Computational Welding Mechanics,” Springer Science & Business Media, 2006.
Lindgren, L.-E., “Numerical Modelling of Welding,” Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, Vol. 195, Nos. 48–49, pp. 6710–6736, 2006.
Lindgren, L.-E., Häggblad, H.-A., McDill, J., and Oddy, A. S., “Automatic Remeshing for Three-Dimensional Finite Element Simulation of Welding,” Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, Vol. 147, Nos. 3–4, pp. 401–409, 1997.
Klobcar, D., Tušek, J., and Taljat, B., “Thermal Fatigue of Materials for Die-Casting Tooling,” Materials Science and Engineering: A, Vol. 472, Nos. 1–2, pp. 198–207, 2008.
Klobcar, D. and Tušek, J., “Thermal Stresses in Aluminium Alloy Die Casting Dies,” Computational Materials Science, Vol. 43, No. 4, pp. 1147–1154, 2008.
Kannatey-Asibu Jr, E., “Principles of Laser Materials Processing,” John Wiley & Sons, 2009.
Majumdar, J. D. and Manna, I., “Laser-Assisted Fabrication of Materials,” Springer Science & Business Media, 2012.
Katayama, S., “Handbook of Laser Welding Technologies,” Elsevier, 2013.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Chen, C., Lin, YJ., Ou, H. et al. Study of Heat Source Calibration and Modelling for Laser Welding Process. Int. J. Precis. Eng. Manuf. 19, 1239–1244 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12541-018-0146-4
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12541-018-0146-4