Abstract
Bacillus polyfermenticus KJS-2 (BP-KJS-2) was used to produce a lipopeptide-type surfactin. To accomplish this, a surfactin-producing BP-KJS-2 was fermented by soybeans. The surfactin was then purified by a procedure including ethanol treatment and preparative chromatography. Next, the biochemical structure of the purified surfactin was analyzed by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) and high-resolution ESI Q-Tof mass spectrometry (Q-Tof MS). In addition, the masses of the four peaks were determined to be 1007, 1021, 1035, and 1049 m/z revealing that the compound was mixture with quasi-molecular ions. Taken together, these findings indicated that the lipopeptide had a cyclic structure and amino acid composition of Gln-Leu-Leu-Leu-Val-Asp-Leu-Leu, and that the major lipopeptide product of BP-KJS-2 is the surfactin isoform. In addition, this lipopeptide showed strong antimicrobial activity against bacteria at the level of 0.05 mg/mL.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
Dehghan-Noudeh, G., Housaindokht, M., and Bazzaz, B. S. F., Isolation, characterization, and investigation of surface and hemolytic of a lipopeptide biosurfactant produced by Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633. J. Microbiol., 43, 272–276 (2005).
Fernandes, P. A. V., Arruda, I. R. D., Santo, A. F. A. B. D., Araújo, A. A. D., Maior, A. M. S., and Ximenes, E. A., Antimicrobial activity of surfactants produced by Bacillus subtilis R14 against multidrug-resistant bacteria. Braz. J. Microbiol., 38, 704–709 (2007).
Gautam, K. K. and Tyagi V. K., Microbial surfactants: A review. J. Oleo. Sci., 55, 155–166 (2006).
Ilori, M. O., Amobi C. J., and Odocha A. C., Factors affecting biosurfactant production by oil degrading Aeromonas spp. Isolated from a tropical environment. Chemosphere, 61, 985–992 (2005).
Kim, P. I., Bai, H., Bai, D., Chae, H., Chung, S., Kim, Y., Park, R., and Chi, Y. T., Purification and characterization of a lipopeptide produced by Bacillus thringiensis CMB26. J. Appl. Microbiol., 97, 942–949 (2004).
Kim, S. M., Lee, K. H., Lee, N. K., Kim, C. J., Kim, C. H., and Paik, H. D., Antagonistic activity of polyfermenticin SCD against Helicobacter pylori KCTC 2948. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 14, 148–152 (2004).
Kim, K. M., Lee, J. Y., Hong, Y. G., Lee, S. K., and Kang, J. S., The stabilization of lactic acid bacteria, Bacillus polyfermenticus KJS-2. J. Korean Soc. Food Sci. Nutr., 37, 1044–1048 (2008).
Lee, K. H., Jun, K. D., Kim, W. S., and Paik, H. D., Partial characterization of polyfermenticin SCD, a newly identified bacteriocin of Bacillus polyfermenticus. Lett. Appl. Microbiol., 32, 146–151 (2001).
Lim, J. H., Park, B. K., Kim, M. S., Hwang, M. H., Rhee, M. H., Park, S. C., and Yun, H. I., The anti-thrombotic activity of surfactins. J. Vet. Sci., 6, 353–355 (2005).
Mizumoto, S. and Shoda, M., Medium optimization of antifungal lipopeptide, iturin A, production by Bacillus subtilis in solid-state fermentation by response surface methodology. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 76, 101–108 (2007).
Mukherjee, A.k. and DAS, K., Correlation between diverse cyclic lipopeptides production and regulation of growth and substrate utilization by Bacillus subtilis strains in a particular habitat. FEMS Microbiol. Ecolo., 54, 479–489 (2005).
Nakano, M. M., Marahiel, M. A. and Zuber, P., Identification of a genetic locus required for biosynthesis of the lipopeptide antibiotic surfactin in Bacillus subtilis. J. Bacteriol., 170, 5662–5668 (1988).
Vater, J., Kablitz, B., Wilde, C., Franke, P., Mehta, N., and Cameotra, S. S., Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry of lipopeptide biosurfactant in whole cells and culture filtrates of Bacillus subtilis C-1 isolated from petroleum sludge. Appl. Environ. Microb., 68, 6210–6219 (2002).
Walencka, E., Różalska, S., Sadowska, B. and Różalska, B., The influence of Lactobacillus acidophilus-derived surfactants on staphylococcal adhesion and biofilm formation. Folia Microbiol. 53, 61–66 (2008)
Yeh, M. S., Wei, Y. H. and Chang, J. S., Bioreactor design for enhanced carrier-assisted surfactin production with Bacillus subtilis. Process Biochem., 41, 1799–1805 (2006).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kim, K.M., Lee, J.Y., Kim, C.K. et al. Isolation and characterization of surfactin produced by Bacillus polyfermenticus KJS-2. Arch. Pharm. Res. 32, 711–715 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12272-009-1509-2
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12272-009-1509-2