Abstract
Temperature distributions of wet clutch contact during engagement and disengagement processes are investigated considering lubricant flow behaviors in the gap between the friction pad and steel separator. Frictional heat generated by wet clutch contact in repeated operational modes that simulates high thermal endurance performance of a wet clutch system is modeled. This study applies CFD analysis to the lubricant convective flows that remove most of the frictional heat with respect to groove patterns on the frictional pad surface. Based on fluid flow analysis between the friction pad gap and the steel separator that includes the effects of pattern shapes on the friction pad, frictional heat, convective cooling behaviors and temperature distributions are computed with the repeated modes of varying sliding velocities and applied loads. The cooled frictional heat is investigated considering the convective flows in the gap of friction pad and separator. Frictional temperature variations on a wet clutch surface are computed for the effects of groove pattern shapes on the friction pad, waffle, and radial-arc types for better cooling effects. It is expected that the computational results will provide design methods for higher heat resistance durability and stable frictional torque transfer and effective cooling performance in wet clutch systems.
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Abbreviations
- A :
-
area, m2
- Cp :
-
specific heat coefficient, J/kgK
- d:
-
diameter, m
- h :
-
convective heat transfer coefficient, W/m2K
- h :
-
lubricant film thickness, m
- k :
-
conductivity, W/mK
- L:
-
flow path length, m
- P :
-
pressure, N/m2
- Pr :
-
Prandtl number, Cpμ/k
- R n :
-
contact radius, m
- Re :
-
Reynold’s number, pUL/μ
- q :
-
heat flux, W/m2
- r, θ :
-
polar coordinate, m, rad
- x, y, z :
-
spatial coordinate, m
- α :
-
heat absorption ratio
- η :
-
viscosity, N/m2s
- μ d :
-
dynamic friction coefficient
- Θ :
-
temperature, °C
- Θ o :
-
initial temperature, oC
- ρ :
-
density, kg/m3
- ω :
-
rotational speed, rpm
- e:
-
engine
- c:
-
clutch
- F, F:
-
friction face
- F, G:
-
friction pad groove
- H, G:
-
home groove
- i:
-
in
- f:
-
friction pad
- n:
-
grid element for computational domain
- o:
-
out
- s:
-
steel separator
- so:
-
surface on the lubricant volume
- surf:
-
surface
- T, F:
-
total face
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Acknowledgement
This research was supported by the program of Clutch System Collaborative Research Center, Kookmin University-Transmission Research Lab. HYUNDAI MOTOR GROUP and basic research program of NRF #2018R1D1A1B07043950.
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Kong, J., Jang, S. Temperature Analysis of Wet Clutch Surfaces During Clutch Engagement Processes Based on Friction Pad Patterns. Int.J Automot. Technol. 21, 813–822 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12239-020-0079-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12239-020-0079-7