Abstract
This article uses the 2000 US Census to ascertain both quantitative and qualitative changes in Canadian immigrants to the United States through, the 1990s, and compares these to earlier migration cohorts from census data in 1980 and 1990. Canadians in the United States continue to have higher relative salaries and education levels vis-à-vis their American counterparts and this gap has widened in the 1990s, even when controlling for variety of labour market factors. A similar phenomenon occurred amongst immigrants from Britain and Ireland and suggests that US economic performance and immigration policy are the probable driving, force behind this migration.
Résumé
Cet article puise dans le recensement de l’an 2000 des États-Unis pour vérifier des changements quantitatifs et qualitatifs chez les immigrants canadiens aux États-Unis pendant les années 1990 et, par la suite, compare ces groupes aux cohortes d’immigrants représentés dans les données de recensement de 1980 et 1990. Les Canadiens aux États-Unis continuent à gagner des salaires plus élevés et à manifester des niveaus de scolarité supérieurs vis-à-vis de leurs homologues américains. Même si l’on contrôle pour divers facteurs liés au marché du travail, l’on constate que cet écart s’est creusé pendant les années 1990. Un phénomène similaire s’est produit parmi les immigrants de Grande-Bretagne et d’Irlande, ce qui permet de conclure que le rendement économique et la politique d’immigration des États-Unis constituent probablement les éléments moteurs de cette migration.
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Mueller, R.E. What happened to the Canada-United States brain drain of the 1990s? New evidence from the 2000 US census. Int. Migration & Integration 7, 167–194 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12134-006-1008-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12134-006-1008-y