Abstract
The exceptional quality of light generated from colloidal quantum dots has attracted continued interest from the display and lighting industry, leading to the development of commercial quantum dot displays based on the photoluminescence down-conversion process. Beyond this technical level, quantum dots are being introduced as emissive materials in electroluminescence devices (or quantum dot-based light-emitting diodes), which boast high internal quantum efficiency of up to 100%, energy efficiency, thinness, and flexibility. In this review, we revisit various milestone studies regarding the core/shell heterostructures of colloidal quantum dots from the viewpoint of electroluminescence materials. Development of nanostructured colloidal quantum dots advanced from core/shell heterostructure, core/thick shell formulation, and delicate control of confinement potential shape has demonstrated close correlation of the photophysical properties of quantum dots with the performance of electroluminescence device, which provided useful guidelines on the heterostructured quantum dots for mitigating or eliminating efficiency limiting phenomena in quantum dot light emitting diodes. To enable practical and high performance quantum dot-based electroluminescence devices in the future, integration of design concepts on the heterostructures with environmentally benign systems will be crucial.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
J. Lim, W.K. Bae, J. Kwak, S. Lee, C. Lee and K. Char, Opt. Mater. Express, 2, 594 (2012).
J. M. Pietryga, Y.-S. Park, J. Lim, A. F. Fidler, W. K. Bae, S. Brovelli and V. I. Klimov, Chem. Rev., 116, 10513 (2016).
J. Chen, V. Hardev, J. Hartlove, J. Hofler and E. Lee, SID Int. Symp. Dig. Tec., 43, 895 (2012).
M.A. Hines and P. Guyot-Sionnest, J. Phys. Chem., 100, 468 (1996).
B.O. Dabbousi, J. Rodriguez-Viejo, F.V. Mikulec, J.R. Heine, H. Mattoussi, R. Ober, K. F. Jensen and M. G. Bawendi, J. Phys. Chem. B, 101, 9463 (1997).
X. Peng, M. C. Schlamp, A.V. Kadavanich and A. P. Alivisatos, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 119, 7019 (1997).
D.V. Talapin, A.L. Rogach, A. Kornowski, M. Haase and H. Weller, Nano Lett., 1, 207 (2001).
D.V. Talapin, I. Mekis, S. Götzinger, A. Kornowski, O. Benson and H. Weller, J. Phys. Chem. B, 108, 18826 (2004).
P.O. Anikeeva, C. F. Madigan, J. E. Halpert, M. G. Bawendi and V. Bulovic, Phys. Rev. B, 78, 085434 (2008).
W.K. Bae, Y.-S. Park, J. Lim, D. Lee, L. A. Padilha, H. McDaniel, I. Robel, C. Lee, J.M. Pietryga and V. I. Klimov, Nat. Commun., 4, 2661 (2013).
D. Bozyigit, O. Yarema and V. Wood, Adv. Funct. Mater., 23, 3024 (2013).
Y. Shirasaki, G. J. Supran, W.A. Tisdale and V. Bulovic, Phys. Rev. Lett., 110, 217403 (2013).
B. S. Mashford, M. Stevenson, Z. Popovic, C. Hamilton, Z. Zhou, C. Breen, J. Steckel, V. Bulovic, M. Bawendi, S. Coe-Sullivan and P.T. Kazlas, Nat. Photonics, 7, 407 (2013).
X. Dai, Z. Zhang, Y. Jin, Y. Niu, H. Cao, X. Liang, L. Chen, J. Wang and X. Peng, Nature, 515, 96 (2014).
K.P. Acharya, A. Titov, J. Hyvonen, C. Wang, J. Tokarz and P.H. Holloway, Nanoscale, 9, 14451 (2017).
L. Wang, J. Lin, Y. Hu, X. Guo, Y. Lv, Z. Tang, J. Zhao, Y. Fan, N. Zhang, Y. Wang and X. Liu, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 9, 38755 (2017).
Y. Fu, W. Jiang, D. Kim, W. Lee and H. Chae, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 10, 17295 (2018).
M.K. Choi, J. Yang, T. Hyeon and D.-H. Kim, npj Flexible Electronics, 2, 10 (2018).
C.-Y. Han and H. Yang, J. Korean Ceram. Soc., 54, 449 (2017).
Y. Shirasaki, G. J. Supran, M. G. Bawendi and V. Bulovic, Nat. Photonics, 7, 13 (2012).
V. L. Colvin, M.C. Schlamp and A. P. Alivisatos, Nature, 370, 354 (1994).
P.O. Anikeeva, J. E. Halpert, M. G. Bawendi and V. Bulovic, Nano Lett., 9, 2532 (2009).
J. Lim, B. G. Jeong, M. Park, J. K. Kim, J.M. Pietryga, Y.-S. Park, V. I. Klimov, C. Lee, D.C. Lee and W.K. Bae, Adv. Mater., 26, 8034 (2014).
X. Li, Y.-B. Zhao, F. Fan, L. Levina, M. Liu, R. Quintero-Bermudez, X. Gong, L. N. Quan, J. Fan, Z. Yang, S. Hoogland, O. Voznyy, Z.-H. Lu and E. H. Sargent, Nat. Photonics, 12, 159 (2018).
H. Shen, W. Cao, N. T. Shewmon, C. Yang, L.S. Li and J. Xue, Nano Lett., 15, 1211 (2015).
J.W. Stouwdam and R.A.J. Janssen, J. Mater. Chem., 18, 1889 (2008).
K.-S. Cho, E. K. Lee, W.-J. Joo, E. Jang, T.-H. Kim, S. J. Lee, S.-J. Kwon, J.Y. Han, B.-K. Kim, B.L. Choi and J.M. Kim, Nat. Photon, 3, 341 (2009).
T.-H. Kim, K.-S. Cho, E. K. Lee, S. J. Lee, J. Chae, J.W. Kim, D.H. Kim, J.-Y. Kwon, G. Amaratunga, S.Y. Lee, B.L. Choi, Y. Kuk, J.M. Kim and K. Kim, Nat. Photon, 5, 176 (2011).
J. Kwak, W. K. Bae, D. Lee, I. Park, J. Lim, M. Park, H. Cho, H. Woo, D.Y. Yoon, K. Char, S. Lee and C. Lee, Nano Lett., 12, 2362 (2012).
S. Jun, J. Lee and E. Jang, ACS Nano, 7, 1472 (2013).
H. Woo, J. Lim, Y. Lee, J. Sung, H. Shin, J. M. Oh, M. Choi, H. Yoon, W.K. Bae and K. Char, J. Mater. Chem. C, 1, 1983 (2013).
R. Meerheim, M. Furno, S. Hofmann, B. Lussem and K. Leo, Appl. Phys. Lett., 97, 253305 (2010).
A. L. Efros, M. Rosen, M. Kuno, M. Nirmal, D. J. Norris and M. Bawendi, Phys. Rev. B, 54, 4843 (1996).
T.B. S.A. Crooker, Appl. Phys. Lett., 82, 2793 (2003).
D. J. Norris, A. L. Efros, M. Rosen and M. G. Bawendi, Phys. Rev. B, 53, 16347 (1996).
J.K. L.M. Kuno, B.O. Dabbousi, F.V. Mikulec and M.G. Bawendi, J. Chem. Phys., 106, 9869 (1997).
M. Nirmal, D. J. Norris, M. Kuno, M. G. Bawendi, A. L. Efros and M. Rosen, Phys. Rev. Lett., 75, 3728 (1995).
L. Biadala, B. Siebers, Y. Beyazit, M.D. Tessier, D. Dupont, Z. Hens, D.R. Yakovlev and M. Bayer, ACS Nano, 10, 3356 (2016).
A. Brodu, M.V. Ballottin, J. Buhot, E. J. van Harten, D. Dupont, A. La Porta, P.T. Prins, M.D. Tessier, M. Versteegh, V. Zwiller, S. Bals, Z. Hens, F.T. Rabouw, P. C. M. Christianen, C. de Mello Donega and D. Vanmaekelbergh, ACS Photonics, 5, 3353 (2018).
M.A. Becker, R. Vaxenburg, G. Nedelcu, P. C. Sercel, A. Shabaev, M. J. Mehl, J.G. Michopoulos, S.G. Lambrakos, N. Bernstein, J.L. Lyons, T. Stöferle, R.F. Mahrt, M.V. Kovalenko, D. J. Norris, G. Rainò and A. L. Efros, Nature, 553, 189 (2018).
C. Adachi, M. A. Baldo, M. E. Thompson and S.R. Forrest, J. Appl. Phys., 90, 5048 (2001).
Y. Ma, H. Zhang, J. Shen and C. Che, Synth. Met., 94, 245 (1998).
M.A. Baldo, D.F. O’Brien, Y. You, A. Shoustikov, S. Sibley, M.E. Thompson and S.R. Forrest, Nature, 395, 151 (1998).
K. Goushi, K. Yoshida, K. Sato and C. Adachi, Nat. Photon, 6, 253 (2012).
A. Endo, K. Sato, K. Yoshimura, T. Kai, A. Kawada, H. Miyazaki and C. Adachi, Appl. Phys. Lett., 98, 083302 (2011).
D. Yokoyama, Y. Setoguchi, A. Sakaguchi, M. Suzuki and C. Adachi, Adv. Funct. Mater., 20, 386 (2010).
L. Protesescu, S. Yakunin, M. I. Bodnarchuk, F. Krieg, R. Caputo, C. H. Hendon, R. X. Yang, A. Walsh and M.V. Kovalenko, Nano Lett., 15, 3692 (2015).
Y. Tian, T. Newton, N. A. Kotov, D. M. Guldi and J. H. Fendler, J. Phys. Chem., 100, 8927 (1996).
L. Qu and X. Peng, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 124, 2049 (2002).
P. Reiss, J. Bleuse and A. Pron, Nano Lett., 2, 781 (2002).
J. J. Li, Y. A. Wang, W. Guo, J. C. Keay, T.D. Mishima, M. B. Johnson and X. Peng, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 125, 12567 (2003).
R. Xie, U. Kolb, J. Li, T. Basché and A. Mews, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 127, 7480 (2005).
J. McBride, J. Treadway, L.C. Feldman, S. J. Pennycook and S. J. Rosenthal, Nano Lett., 6, 1496 (2006).
L. Li and P. Reiss, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 130, 11588 (2008).
J.M. Pietryga, D. J. Werder, D. J. Williams, J.L. Casson, R.D. Schaller, V. I. Klimov and J. A. Hollingsworth, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 130, 4879 (2008).
W.K. Bae, K. Char, H. Hur and S. Lee, Chem. Mater., 20, 531 (2008).
S.-W. Kim, J.P. Zimmer, S. Ohnishi, J.B. Tracy, J.V. Frangioni and M. G. Bawendi, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 127, 10526 (2005).
J. Lim, W.K. Bae, D. Lee, M.K. Nam, J. Jung, C. Lee, K. Char and S. Lee, Chem. Mater., 23, 4459 (2011).
S. Kim, T. Kim, M. Kang, S. K. Kwak, T.W. Yoo, L. S. Park, I. Yang, S. Hwang, J. E. Lee, S. K. Kim and S.-W. Kim, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 134, 3804 (2012).
J. Lim, M. Park, W.K. Bae, D. Lee, S. Lee, C. Lee and K. Char, ACS Nano, 7, 9019 (2013).
E. Jang, S. Jun, H. Jang, J. Lim, B. Kim and Y. Kim, Adv. Mater., 22, 3076 (2010).
H. Cho, S.-H. Jeong, M.-H. Park, Y.-H. Kim, C. Wolf, C.-L. Lee, J. H. Heo, A. Sadhanala, N. Myoung, S. Yoo, S. H. Im, R. H. Friend and T.-W. Lee, Science, 350, 1222 (2015).
H. Huang, M. I. Bodnarchuk, S.V. Kershaw, M.V. Kovalenko and A. L. Rogach, ACS Energy Lett., 2, 2071 (2017).
M.V. Kovalenko, L. Protesescu and M. I. Bodnarchuk, Science, 358, 745 (2017).
A. Swarnkar, V. K. Ravi and A. Nag, ACS Energy Lett., 2, 1089 (2017).
V. D’Innocenzo, G. Grancini, M. J. P. Alcocer, A.R. S. Kandada, S.D. Stranks, M.M. Lee, G. Lanzani, H. J. Snaith and A. Petrozza, Nat. Commun., 5, 3586 (2014).
T. Chiba, K. Hoshi, Y.-J. Pu, Y. Takeda, Y. Hayashi, S. Ohisa, S. Kawata and J. Kido, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 9, 18054 (2017).
J. Li, L. Xu, T. Wang, J. Song, J. Chen, J. Xue, Y. Dong, B. Cai, Q. Shan, B. Han and H. Zeng, Adv. Mater., 29, 1603885 (2017).
K. Hoshi, T. Chiba, J. Sato, Y. Hayashi, Y. Takahashi, H. Ebe, S. Ohisa and J. Kido, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 10, 24607 (2018).
F. Yan, J. Xing, G. Xing, L. Quan, S.T. Tan, J. Zhao, R. Su, L. Zhang, S. Chen, Y. Zhao, A. Huan, E. H. Sargent, Q. Xiong and H.V. Demir, Nano Lett., 18, 3157 (2018).
B.N. Pal, Y. Ghosh, S. Brovelli, R. Laocharoensuk, V. I. Klimov, J. A. Hollingsworth and H. Htoon, Nano Lett., 12, 331 (2012).
V. I. Klimov, Annu. Rev. Condens. Matter Phys., 5, 285 (2014).
W.K. Bae, L. A. Padilha, Y.-S. Park, H. McDaniel, I. Robel, J. M. Pietryga and V. I. Klimov, ACS Nano, 7, 3411 (2013).
Y.-S. Park, J. Lim, N. S. Makarov and V. I. Klimov, Nano Lett., 17, 5607 (2017).
C. Javaux, B. Mahler, B. Dubertret, A. Shabaev, A.V. Rodina, A. L. Efros, D.R. Yakovlev, F. Liu, M. Bayer, G. Camps, L. Biadala, S. Buil, X. Quelin and J. P. Hermier, Nat. Nanotechnol., 8, 206 (2013).
P.T.K. Chin, C. de Mello Donegá, S. S. van Bavel, S. C. J. Meskers, N. A. J. M. Sommerdijk and R.A. J. Janssen, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 129, 14880 (2007).
D. Oron, M. Kazes and U. Banin, Phys. Rev. B, 75, 035330 (2007).
S.A. Ivanov, A. Piryatinski, J. Nanda, S. Tretiak, K.R. Zavadil, W.O. Wallace, D. Werder and V. I. Klimov, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 129, 11708 (2007).
Y. Chen, J. Vela, H. Htoon, J. L. Casson, D. J. Werder, D.A. Bussian, V. I. Klimov and J. A. Hollingsworth, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 130, 5026 (2008).
B. Mahler, P. Spinicelli, S. Buil, X. Quelin, J.-P. Hermier and B. Dubertret, Nat. Mater., 7, 659 (2008).
G. E. Cragg and A.L. Efros, Nano Lett., 10, 313 (2010).
J. I. Climente, J. L. Movilla and J. Planelles, Small, 8, 754 (2012).
F. García-Santamaría, S. Brovelli, R. Viswanatha, J.A. Hollingsworth, H. Htoon, S. A. Crooker and V. I. Klimov, Nano Lett., 11, 687 (2011).
Y. S. Park, A.V. Malko, J. Vela, Y. Chen, Y. Ghosh, F. García-Santamaría, J.A. Hollingsworth, V. I. Klimov and H. Htoon, Phys. Rev. Lett., 106, 187401 (2011).
V. I. Klimov, S.A. Ivanov, J. Nanda, M. Achermann, I. Bezel, J.A. McGuire and A. Piryatinski, Nature, 447, 441 (2007).
A. Piryatinski, S.A. Ivanov, S. Tretiak and V. I. Klimov, Nano Lett., 7, 108 (2007).
J. Lim, Y.-S. Park and V. I. Klimov, Nat. Mater., 17, 42 (2017).
J. Lim, Y.-S. Park, K. Wu, H. J. Yun and V. I. Klimov, Nano Lett., 18, 6645 (2018).
T. E. Parliament, Directive 2011/65/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 8 June 2011 on the restriction of the use of certain hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment, <https://doi.org/eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?qid=1399998664957&uri=CELEX:02011L0065-20140129>(2011).
T. Kim, S.W. Kim, M. Kang and S.-W. Kim, J. Phys. Chem. Lett., 3, 214 (2011).
Y.W. Cao and U. Banin, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 38, 3692 (1999).
Y. Cao and U. Banin, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 122, 9692 (2000).
S.-W. Kim, J.P. Zimmer, S. Ohnishi, J.B. Tracy, J.V. Frangioni and M. G. Bawendi, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 127, 10526 (2005).
Z. Kang, Y. Liu, C. H.A. Tsang, D.D.D. Ma, X. Fan, N.-B. Wong and S.-T. Lee, Adv. Mater., 21, 661 (2009).
J. Zou, R.K. Baldwin, K. A. Pettigrew and S.M. Kauzlarich, Nano Lett., 4, 1181 (2004).
D. S. English, L. E. Pell, Z. Yu, P. F. Barbara and B. A. Korgel, Nano Lett., 2, 681 (2002).
J.D. Holmes, K. J. Ziegler, R. C. Doty, L. E. Pell, K. P. Johnston and B. A. Korgel, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 123, 3743 (2001).
H. McDaniel, A.Y. Koposov, S. Draguta, N.S. Makarov, J.M. Pietryga and V. I. Klimov, J. Phys. Chem. C, 118, 16987 (2014).
E. Witt and J. Kolny-Olesiak, Chem. Eur. J., 19, 9746 (2013).
H. McDaniel, N. Fuke, J. M. Pietryga and V. I. Klimov, J. Phys. Chem. Lett., 4, 355 (2013).
L. Li, T. J. Daou, I. Texier, T. T. Kim Chi, N.Q. Liem and P. Reiss, Chem. Mater., 21, 2422 (2009).
J. Park and S.-W. Kim, J. Mater. Chem., 21, 3745 (2011).
B. Chen, H. Zhong, W. Zhang, Z. a. Tan, Y. Li, C. Yu, T. Zhai, Y. Bando, S. Yang and B. Zou, Adv. Funct. Mater., 22, 2081 (2012).
P. Ramasamy, N. Kim, Y.-S. Kang, O. Ramirez and J.-S. Lee, Chem. Mater., 29, 6893 (2017).
J. H. Chang, P. Park, H. Jung, B. G. Jeong, D. Hahm, G. Nagamine, J. Ko, J. Cho, L.A. Padilha, D.C. Lee, C. Lee, K. Char and W. K. Bae, ACS Nano, 12, 10231 (2018).
N. Oh, S. Nam, Y. Zhai, K. Deshpande, P. Trefonas and M. Shim, Nat. Commun., 5, 3642 (2014).
S. Nam, N. Oh, Y. Zhai and M. Shim, ACS Nano, 9, 878 (2015).
A. Rizzo, C. Nobile, M. Mazzeo, M.D. Giorgi, A. Fiore, L. Carbone, R. Cingolani, L. Manna and G. Gigli, ACS Nano, 3, 1506 (2009).
R. A. M. Hikmet, P.T. K. Chin, D.V. Talapin and H. Weller, Adv. Mater., 17, 1436 (2005).
D.-E. Yoon, W.D. Kim, D. Kim, D. Lee, S. Koh, W.K. Bae and D.C. Lee, J. Phys. Chem. C, 121, 24837 (2017).
P.C. Sercel and A. L. Efros, Nano Lett., 18, 4061 (2018).
L.T. Kunneman, J.M. Schins, S. Pedetti, H. Heuclin, F.C. Grozema, A. J. Houtepen, B. Dubertret and L.D. A. Siebbeles, Nano Lett., 14, 7039 (2014).
L. Biadala, F. Liu, M.D. Tessier, D.R. Yakovlev, B. Dubertret and M. Bayer, Nano Lett., 14, 1134 (2014).
S. Ithurria, M.D. Tessier, B. Mahler, R.P.S.M. Lobo, B. Dubertret and A. L. Efros, Nat. Mater., 10, 936 (2011).
H. Htoon, J. A. Hollingsworth, R. Dickerson and V. I. Klimov, Phys. Rev. Lett., 91, 227401 (2003).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Jaehoon Lim is Assistant Professor within the department of chemical engineering and the department of energy system research in Ajou University, South Korea. He obtained B.S. (2007) and Ph. D. (2013) in Chemical and Biological Engineering from Seoul National University. He conducted postdoctoral research work within the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at Seoul National University (2013-2014) and within the Chemistry Division of Los Alamos National Laboratory (2013-2017). His current research centers on the synthesis and characterization of colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals and their applications in light-emitting diodes, lasing, solar energy conversion, and sensing.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Bae, W.K., Lim, J. Nanostructured colloidal quantum dots for efficient electroluminescence devices. Korean J. Chem. Eng. 36, 173–185 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11814-018-0193-7
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11814-018-0193-7