Abstract
Antibiotic is widely present in the effluent from livestock husbandry and the pharmaceutical industry. Antibiotics in wastewater usually have high biological toxicity and even promote the occurrence and transmission of antibiotic resistant bacteria and antibiotic resistance genes. Moreover, most antibiotic-containing wastewatercontains highconcentration of ammonia nitrogen. Improper treatment will lead to high risk to the surrounding environment and even human health. The anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) with great economic benefit and good treatment effect is a promising process to remove nitrogen from antibiotic-containing wastewater. However, antibiotic inhibition has been observed in anammox applications. Therefore, a comprehensive overview of the single and combined effects of various antibiotics on the anammox system is conducted in this review with a focus on nitrogen removal performance, sludge properties, microbial community, antibiotic resistance genes and anammox-involved functional genes. Additionally, the influencing mechanism of antibiotics on anammox consortia is summarized. Remaining problems and future research needs are also proposed based on the presented summary. This review provides a better understanding of the influences of antibiotics on anammox and offers a direction to remove nitrogen from antibiotic-containing wastewater by the anammox process.
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Abbreviations
- Anammox:
-
Anaerobic ammonium oxidation
- ARGs:
-
Antibiotic resistance genes
- MRGs:
-
Metal resistance genes
- NRR:
-
Nitrogen removal rate
- TC:
-
Tetracycline
- OTC:
-
Oxytetracycline
- CTC:
-
Chlortetracycline
- PAR:
-
Acetaminophen
- DOX:
-
Doxycycline
- SDM:
-
Sulfadimethoxine
- SM:
-
Sulfamethazine
- CAP:
-
Chloramphenicol
- SAA:
-
Specific anammox activity
- SBR:
-
Sequential batch reactor
- FBAS:
-
Integrated fixed-biofilm and activated sludge
- CSTR:
-
Continuous stirred tank reactor
- FF:
-
Florfenicol
- AMX:
-
Amoxicillin
- CIP:
-
Ciprofloxacin
- NOR:
-
Norfloxacin
- ERY:
-
Erythromycin
- UAF:
-
Up-flow anaerobic biological filter
- TNRE:
-
Total nitrogen removal efficiency
- EPS:
-
Extracellular polymeric substances
- PN:
-
Protein
- PS:
-
Polysaccharide
- SMX:
-
Sulfamethoxazole
- HZO:
-
Hydrazine-oxidizing enzyme
- HAO:
-
Hydroxylamine oxidoreductase
- TCH:
-
Tetracycline hydrochloride
- ARB:
-
Antibiotic resistant bacteria
- AOB:
-
Ammonium oxidizing bacteria
- QS:
-
Quorum sensing
- BA:
-
Bio-augmentation
- BAD:
-
Bio-augmentation dosage
- BAT:
-
Bio-augmentation time
- TMP:
-
Trimethoprim
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Acknowledgements
The authors are grateful for financial support from the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province, China (No. LQ20E080014) and the Science and Technology Development Program of Hangzhou, China (No. 20191203B11).
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Highlights
• Anammox is promising for nitrogen removal from antibiotic-containing wastewater.
• Most antibiotics could inhibit the anammox performance and activity.
• Antibiotic pressure promoted the increase in antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs).
• Antibiotic-resistance mechanisms of anammox bacteria are speculated.
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Fu, J., Zhang, Q., Huang, B. et al. A review on anammox process for the treatment of antibiotic-containing wastewater: Linking effects with corresponding mechanisms. Front. Environ. Sci. Eng. 15, 17 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11783-020-1309-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11783-020-1309-y