Abstract
Vernonia galamensis is a potential new industrial oilseed crop from the Asteraceae family. The interest in this species is due to the presence of a high vernolic acid content of its seed oil, which is useful in the oleochemical industry for paints and coatings. The development of a rapid, precise, robust, nondestructive, and economical method to evaluate quality components is of major interest to growers, processors, and breeders. NIR reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) is routinely used for the prediction of quality traits in many crops. This study was conducted to establish a rapid analytical method for determining the quality of intact seeds of V. galamensis. A total of 114 Vernonia accessions were scanned to determine seed weight, FA composition, oil, and protein contents using NIRS. Conventional chemical analysis for FA composition, total oil, and protein contents were performed by GC, Soxhlet extraction, and the Dumas combustion method, respectively. Calibration equations were developed and tested through cross-validation. The coefficient of determination in cross-validation for FA ranged from 0.47 (linoleic acid) to 0.55 (vernolic acid), and for oil, protein, and seed weight from 0.71 (oil) to 0.86 (seed protein). It was concluded that NIRS calibration equations developed for seed weight and seed quality traits can be satisfactorily used as early screening methods in V. galamensis breeding programs.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
Gilbert, M.G., Notes on Eastern Africa Vernonieae (Compositae). IV. A Revision of the Vernonia galamensis Complex, Kew Bull. 41:19–35 (1986).
Ayorinde, F.O., B.D. Butler, and M.T. Clayton, Vernonia galamensis: A Rich Source of Epoxy Acid, J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 67:844–845 (1990).
Janick, J., New Crops for the 21st Century, in Crop Science: Progress and Prospects, edited by J. Nosberger, H.H. Geiger, and P.C. Struik, CABI Publishing, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom, 2001, pp. 307–327.
Thompson, A.E., Breeding New Industrial Crops, in Advances in New Crops, edited by J. Janick and J.E. Simon, Timber Press, Portland, OR, 1990, pp. 100–103.
Panford, J.A., and J.M. deMan, Determination of Oil Content of Seeds by NIR: Influence of Fatty Acid Composition on Wave-length Selection, J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 67:473–482 (1990).
Starr, C., A.G. Morgan, and B.D. Smith, An Evaluation of Near Infrared Reflectance Analysis in Some Plant Breeding Programs, J. Agric. Sci. 97:107–118 (1981).
Shenk, J.S., J.J. Workman, and M.O. Westerhaus, Application of NIR Spectroscopy to Agricultural Products, in Handbook of Near-Infrared Analysis, edited by D.A. Burns and E.W. Ciurczak, Marcel Dekker, New York, 1992, pp. 383–431.
Allen, B.I., The History and Background of NIR, Cereal Chem. 4:238–240 (1983).
Krishnan, P.G., W.J. Park, K.D. Kephart, D.L. Reeves, and G.L. Yarrow, Measurement of Protein and Oil Content of Oat Cultivars Using Near-Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy, Cereal Foods World 39:105–108 (1994).
Blanco, M., and I. Villarroya NIR Spectroscopy: A Rapid-Response Analytical Tool, Trends Anal. Chem. 21:240–250 (2002).
Velasco, L., F.D. Goffman, and H.C. Becker, Development of Calibration Equations to Predict Oil Content and Fatty Acid Composition in Brassicaceae Germplasm by Near-Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy, J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 76:25–30 (1999).
Van Deynze, A.E., and K.P. Pauls, Seed Colour Assessments in Brassica napus Using a Near-Infrared Reflectance Spectrometer Adapted for Visible Light Measurements, Euphytica 76:45–51 (1994).
Sato, T., Y. Takahata, T. Noda, T. Tanagisawa, T. Morishita, and S. Sakai, Nondestructive Determination of Fatty Acid Composition of Husked Sunflower (Helianthus annua L.) Seeds by Near-Infrared Spectroscopy, J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 72:1177–1183 (1995).
Wu, J.G., C. Shi, and X. Zhang, Estimating the Amino Acid Composition in Milled Rice by Near-Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy, Field Crops Res. 75:1–7 (2002).
Vollmann, J., A. Damboeck, S.J.H. Kuyt, and P. Ruckenbauer, Determination of Camelina Seed Weight Using Near-Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy, Plant Varieties Seeds 10:95–101 (1997).
Baye, T., H. Kebede, and K. Belete, Agronomic Evaluation of Vernonia galamensis Germplasm Collected from Eastern Ethiopia, Ind. Crops Prod. 14:179–190 (2001).
Thies, W., Schnelle und einfache Analysen der Fettsaeurezusammensetzung in einzelnen Raps-Kotyledonen. I. Gaschromatographische und papierchromatographische Methoden, Z. Pflanzenzüchtg. 65:181–202 (1971).
Shenk, J.S., and M.O. Westerhaus, Analysis of Agriculture and Food Products by Near Infrared Spectroscopy, Infrasoft International (ISI), Port Matilda, PA, 1993, pp. 63–66.
Pazdernik, D.L., A.S. Killam, and J.H. Orf, Analysis of Amino Acid and Fatty Acid Composition in Soybean Seed, Using Near-Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy, Agron. J. 89:679–685 (1997).
Hopkins, C.Y., and H.J. Bernstein, Applications of Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectra in Fatty Acid Chemistry, Can. J. Chem. 37:775–782 (1959).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
About this article
Cite this article
Baye, T., Becker, H.C. Analyzing seed weight, fatty acid composition, oil, and protein contents in Vernonia galamensis germplasm by near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy. J Amer Oil Chem Soc 81, 641–645 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11746-004-955-y
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11746-004-955-y