Abstract
In this paper we report some performance properties of [(2-alkyl-1,3-dioxolane-4-yl)methyl]trimethylammonium bromides (C n -D-TAB, where C n =n-C9H19, n-C11H23, n-C13H27), [(2,2-dialkyl-1,3-dioxolane-4-yl)methyl] dimethylammonium bromides (C n C m -D-TAB, where C n =n-C8H17, n-C10H21 and C m =CH3 or C n =C m =n-C6H13), in relation to classical alkyltrimethylammonium bromides (C n -TAB, where C n =n-C12H25, n-C14H29 or C16H33) and dialkyldimethylammonium bromides (C n C m -DAB, where C n =C m =n-C10H21 and C12H25). Antistatic properties were measured by means of surface resistance (R s), half charge decay time τ1/2, and maximal voltage induced (U ind) on polyethylene (PE) film and polypropylene (PP) nonwoven fabric. Wetting ability is reported as the concentration of surfactant necessary for immersion of a cottonfabric ring in 100 s, according to the Polish Standard PN-74/C-04800. All acetal-type surfactants showed the antistatic effect. The best results were given by C9-D-TAB [R s=8.5·107 (PE), 1.1·108 Ω (PP); τ1/2=0.25 (PE), 0.30 s (PP); U ind=205 (PE), 220 V (PP)] and C11-D-TAB [R s=8.7·107 (PE), 1.3·108 Ω (PP); τ1/2=0.25 (PE), 0.30 s (PP); U ind=190 (PE), 340 V (PP)] in relation to pure PE foils and PP fabric: R s=3.0·1014 (PE), 9.8·1014 Ω (PP); τ1/2=>600 (PE), >600 s (PP); U ind=985 (PE), 940 V (PP). Both C9-D-TAB and C11-D-TAB indicate similar degrees of antistatic ability compared to C10C10-DAB. All C n -TAB compounds do not show any antistatic effects. It was concluded that addition of the 1,3-dioxolane moiety to the hydrophobic tail of quaternary ammonium salts promotes both antistatic and wetting properties. Additionally, methyl or n-hexyl group incorporation at the C-2 carbon atom in the 1,3-dioxolane ring significantly decreases the surface conductivity.
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Wilk, K.A., Poźniak, R. & Sokoŀowski, A. Antistatic and wetting properties of chemodegradable cationic surfactants containing 1,3-dioxolane moiety. J Surfact Deterg 3, 207–211 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11743-000-0127-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11743-000-0127-y