Abstract
The effectiveness of pilodyn was tested in evaluating wood basic density, outer wood density, heartwood density, and modulus of elasticity (MoE) at 22 four-year-old eucalyptus clones in Guangxi, China. Results indicated that the mean value ranged from 9.44 to 15.41 mm for Pilodyn penetration, 0.3514 to 0.4913 g·cm−3 for wood basic density, and 3.94 to 7.53 Giga Pascal (GPa) for MoE, respectively. There were significant differences (1% level) in pilodyn penetration between different treatments, different directions and among the clones. Generally strongly negative correlations were found between pilodyn penetration and wood properties, and the coefficients ranged from −0.433 to −0.755. Our results, together with other studies, suggest that the use of pilodyn for assessing wood density and MoE was confirmed as a possibility.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
Chapola Gbj. 1994. Assessment of some wood properties of eucalyptus species grown in Malawi using pilodyn method. Discovery and Innovation, 6(1): 98–109.
Chauhan SS, Walker JCF. 2006. Variation in acoustic and density with age, and their interrelationships in radiation pine. Forest Ecology and Management, 229: 388–394.
Cown DJ. 1981. Use of the pilodyn wood tester for estimating wood density in standing trees — in fluce of site and tree age. World Forestry Conference.
Cown DJ. 1978. Comparison of the pilodyn and torsiometer methods for the rapid assessment of wood density in living trees. NZ J For Sci, 8: 384–391.
Dean GH. 1995. Objectives for wood fibre quality and uniformity. In: pott, B.M., Borralho, N.M.G., Reid, J. B., Cromer, R. N., Tibbits, W.N. and Raymond, C.A. (eds), Eucalypts plantations: improving fibre yield and quality. CR-IUFRO Conf., Hobart, 19–24 Feb. 483 pp.
Ikemori YK, Martins FCG, Zobel BJ. 1986. The impact of accelerated breeding on wood Properties. In proceedings of the 18th IUFRO World Conference Division 5: Forest products. Ljubljana, Yugoslavia. pp. 358–368
Ishiguri F, Matsui R, Lizuka K, Yokota S, Yoshizawa N. 2008. Prediction of the mechanical properties of lumber by stress-wave velocity and Pilodyn penetration of 36-year-old Japanese larch trees. Oiginal Arbelten Originals, 66: 275–280.
Greaves BL, Borralho NMG, Raymond CA, Farrington A. 1996. Use of a pilodyn for the indirect selection of basic density in Eucalyptus nitens. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 26(9): 1643–1650.
Hansen CP. 2000. Application of the Pilodyn in forest tree improvement. DFSC Series of Technical Notes. TN55. Danida Forest Seed Centre, Humlebaek, Denmark.
Hansen JK, Roulund H. 1996. Genetic parameters for spiral grain, stem form, pilodyn and growth in 13 years old clones of Sitka Spruce (Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr.). Silva Genetica, 46(2–3): 107–113.
Jacques D, Marchal M, Curnel Y. 2004. Relative efficiency of alternative methods to evaluate wood stiffness in the frame of hybrid larch (Larix × eurolepis Henry) clonal selection. Ann For Sci, 61: 35–43.
Knowles RL, Hansen LW, Wedding A, Downes G. 2004. Evaluation of non-destructive methods for assessing stiffness of Douglas fir trees. New Zealand Journal of Forestry Science, 34(1): 87–101.
Knowles RL, Hansen LW, Wendding A, Downes G. 2004. Evaluation of non-destructive methods for assessing stiffness of douglas fir trees. New Zealand Journal of Forestry Science, 34(1): 87–101.
Kube P, Raymond C. 2002. Selection strategies for genetic improvement of basic density in Eucalyptus nitens. Tcchnical report 92.
Lu Zhaohua, Xu Jianmin, Bai Jiayu, Zhou Wenlong. 2000. A study on wood property variation between Eucalyptus tereticornis and Eucalyptus camalduensis. Forest Research, 13(4): 370–376. (in Chinese)
Luo Jianzhong. 2003. Variation in growth and wood density of Eucalyptus urophylla. In: turnbull, J.W. (Ed.) “Eucalypts in Asia” ACIAR proceedingsNo. 111. Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China.
Macdonald AC, Borralho NMG, Potts BM. 1997. Genetic variation for growth and wood density in eucalyptus globulus ssp.globulus in Tasmania (Australia). Silva Genetica, 46(4): 236–241.
Nguyen Duc K, Gunnar J, Chris H, Curt A, Ha Huy T. 2008. Genetic variation in wood basic density and pilodyn penetration and their relationships with growth, stem straightness and branch size for eucalyptus urophylla S.T.Blake in Northern Vietnam. New Zealand Journal of Forestry Science, 38(1): 160–175.
Pliura A, Zhang SY, Mackay J, Bousquet J. 2007. Genotypic variation in wood density and growth traits of poplar hybrids at four clonal trials. Forest Ecology and Management, 238: 92–106.
Qi Shuxiong. 2007. Applied Eucalypt cultivation in China. Beijing: China Forestry Publishing House. (in Chinese)
Raymond CA, MacDonald AC. 1998. Where to shoot your pilodyn: within tree variation in basic density in plantation eucalyptus globulus and E. nitens in Tasmania. New Forests, 15: 205–221.
Schimleck LR, Michell AJ, Raymond CA, Muneri A. Estimation of basic density of Eucalyotus globulus using near-infrared spectroscopy. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 29: 194–202.
Tappi. 1989. Basic density and moisture content of pulpwood. TAPPI no. T258 om-98
Wang X, Ross RJ, Mcclellan M, Barbour RJ, Erickson JR, Forsman J, Mcgin GD. 2000. Strength and stiffness assessment of standing trees using a nondestructive stress wave technique. Res. Pap. FPL-RP-585. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, WI.
Wei X, Borralho NMG. 1997. Genetic control of basic density and bark thickness and their relationships with growth traits of Eucalyptus urophylla in south east China. Silvae Genetica, 46(4): 245–250.
Yin Yafang, Wang Lijuan, Jiang X. 2008. Use of Pilodyn tester for estimating basic density in standing trees of hardwood plantation. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 30(4): 7–11. (in Chinese)
Zhu Jingle, Wang Junhui, Zhang Shougong, Zhang Jianguo, Sun Xiaomei, Liang Baosong. 2008. Wood property estimation and selection of populus tomentosa. Scientia Silvae Science, 44(7): 23–28. (in Chinese)
Zhu Jingle, Wang Junhui, Zhang Shougong, Zhang Jianguo, Sun Xiaomei, Liang Baosong, Zhao Kun. 2009. Using the pilodyn to assess wood traits of standing trees Laix kaempfri. Forest Research, 22(1): 75–79. (in Chinese)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Foundation project: This work was supported by the National Eleventh Five-Year Science and Technology (2006BAD01A15-4 and 2006bad24b0203)
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Wu, Sj., Xu, Jm., Li, Gy. et al. Use of the pilodyn for assessing wood properties in standing trees of Eucalyptus clones. Journal of Forestry Research 21, 68–72 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11676-010-0011-5
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11676-010-0011-5