Abstract
In this study, the heat transfer characteristics of nanofluids used in spray cooling systems were examined. Three nanofluids, i.e., Cu, CuO, and Al2O3, respectively, with volume fractions ranging from 0.1% to 0.5%, as well as different volume fractions of a surfactant Tween 20, were used. In addition, their contact angles were measured to examine the heat-transfer characteristics. Under the same experimental conditions, with the increase in the volume fraction of the Cu nanoparticles from 0.1% to 0.5%, the maximum heat flux qmax increased from 3.36 MW/m2 to 3.48 MW/m2 from the impinging central point to r = 30 mm (r is the distance from the impingement point), and the corresponding temperature of qmax increased from 400°C to 420°C. Results revealed that with increasing Tween 20 concentrations, the contact angle decreased because of the decrease in the surface tension of nanofluids and improvement of the wetting ability, and the corresponding qmax increased from 3.48 MW/m2 to 3.94 MW/m2 at the impact central point.
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Abbreviations
- a :
-
thermal diffusivity/m2·s−1
- C :
-
specific heat capacity/J·kg−1·K−1
- q :
-
heat flux/MW·m−2
- q :
-
max maximum heat flux/MW·m−2
- r :
-
the distance from the impingement point
- T :
-
temperature/K
- T :
-
a actual temperature/K
- T :
-
c calculation temperature/K
- T :
-
max temperature at maximum heat flux/K
- t :
-
the time/s
- t :
-
max the time at maximum heat flux/s
- x :
-
thickness/m
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Acknowledgments
This research was jointly supported by National Key R & D Plan (Project No. 2017YFB0305103), National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51404058), the fundamental research funds for the central universities (Grant No. N150704005), and the open project of the RAL at Northeastern University (Grant No. 2016006).
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Wang, B., Liu, Z., Zhang, B. et al. Effect of Nanoparticle Type and Surfactant on Heat Transfer Enhancement in Spray Cooling. J. Therm. Sci. 29, 708–717 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11630-020-1212-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11630-020-1212-7