Abstract
In this review article, we review the recent development of quantum secure direct communication (QSDC) and deterministic secure quantum communication (DSQC) which both are used to transmit secret message, including the criteria for QSDC, some interesting QSDC protocols, the DSQC protocols and QSDC network, etc. The difference between these two branches of quantum communication is that DSQC requires the two parties exchange at least one bit of classical information for reading out the message in each qubit, and QSDC does not. They are attractive because they are deterministic, in particular, the QSDC protocol is fully quantum mechanical. With sophisticated quantum technology in the future, the QSDC may become more and more popular. For ensuring the safety of QSDC with single photons and quantum information sharing of single qubit in a noisy channel, a quantum privacy amplification protocol has been proposed. It involves very simple CHC operations and reduces the information leakage to a negligible small level. Moreover, with the one-party quantum error correction, a relation has been established between classical linear codes and quantum one-party codes, hence it is convenient to transfer many good classical error correction codes to the quantum world. The one-party quantum error correction codes are especially designed for quantum dense coding and related QSDC protocols based on dense coding.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Explore related subjects
Discover the latest articles, news and stories from top researchers in related subjects.Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
Shor P. W., Proc. 35th Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science, 1994: 124
Grover L., Phys. Rev. Lett, 1997, 78: 325
Long G. L., Phys. Rev. A, 2001, 64: 022307
Feynman R. P., Int. J. Theor. Phys., 1982, 21: 467
Lloyd S., Science, 1996, 273: 1073
Wang X. Y. and Yu H. B., Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2005, 3494: 19
Nielsen M. A. and Chuang I. L., Quantum computation and quantum information, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000
Gisin N., Ribordy G., Tittel W., and Zbinden H., Rev. Mod. Phys., 2002, 74: 145
Vernam G. S., J. Amer. Inst. Elec. Eng., 1926, 45: 109
Shimizu K. and Imoto N., Phys. Rev. A, 1999, 60: 157
Beige A., Englert B. G., Kurtsiefer C., and Weinfurter H., Acta Phys. Pol. A, 2002, 101(3): 357
Boström K. and Felbinger T., Phys. Rev. Lett., 2002, 89: 187902
Wójcik A., Phys. Rev. Lett., 2003, 90: 157901
Cai Q. Y., Phys. Rev. Lett., 2003, 91: 109801
Deng F. G., Li X. H., Li C. Y., Zhou P., and Zhou H. Y., Chin. Phys., 2007, 16: 277
Long G. L. and Liu X. S., Phys. Rev. A, 2002, 65: 032302
Deng F. G., Long G. L., and Liu X. S., Phys. Rev. A, 2003, 68: 042317
Deng F. G. and Long G. L., Phys. Rev. A, 2004, 69: 052319
Deng F. G., Li X. H., Li C. Y., Zhou P., and Zhou H. Y., Phys. Lett. A, 2006, 359: 359
Li X. H., Zhou P., Liang Y. J., Li C. Y., Zhou H. Y., and Deng F. G., Chin. Phys. Lett., 2006, 23: 1080
Wang C., Deng F. G., Li Y. S., Liu X. S., and Long G. L., Phys. Rev. A, 2005, 71: 044305
Wang C., Deng F. G., and Long G. L., Opt. Commun., 2005, 253: 15
Li X. H., Li C. Y., Deng F. G., Zhou P., Liang Y. J., and Zhou H. Y., Chin. Phys., 2007, 16(8) (in press)
Cai Q. Y. and Li B. W., Phys. Rev. A, 2004, 69: 054301
Cai Q. Y. and Li B. W., Chin. Phys. Lett., 2004, 21: 601
Li X. H., Deng F. G., Li C. Y., Liang Y. J., Zhou P., and Zhou H. Y., J. Korean Phys. Soc., 2006, 49: 1354
Yan F. L. and Zhang X., Euro. Phys. J. B, 2004, 41: 75
Gao T., Yan F. L., and Wang Z. X., J. Phys. A, 2005, 38: 5761
Man Z. X., Zhang Z. J., and Li Y., Chin. Phys. Lett., 2005, 22: 18
Zhu A. D., Xia Y., Fan Q. B., and Zhang S., Phys. Rev. A, 2006, 73: 022338
Li X. H., Deng F. G., and Zhou H. Y., Phys. Rev. A, 2006, 74: 054302
Lee H., Lim J., and Yang H., Phys. Rev. A, 2006, 73: 042305
Wang J., Zhang Q., and Tang C. J., Phys. Lett. A, 2006, 358: 256
Wang J., Zhang Q., and Tang C. J., Int. J. Quantum information, 2006, 4: 925
Wang J., Zhang Q., and Tang C. J., Int. J. Mod. Phys. C, 2006, 17: 685
Wang H. F., Zhang S., Yeon K. H., and Um C. I., J. Korean Phys. Soc., 2006, 49: 459
Ji X. and Zhang S., Chin. Phys., 2006, 15: 1418
Cao H. J. and Song H. S., Chin. Phys. Lett., 2006, 23: 290
Cao H. J., Chen J., and Song H. S., Commun. Theor. Phys., 2006, 45: 271
Gao. T., Z. Naturforsch, A, 2004, 59: 597
Gao. T. and Yan, F. L., Chin. Phys., 2005, 14: 893
Gao. T., Yan, F. L., and Wang. Z. X., II Nuovo Cimento B, 2004, 119: 313
Gao. T., Yan. F. L., and Wang. Z. X., J. Phys. A: Math. Gen, 2005, 38: 5761
Deng F. G., Li X. H., Zhou H. Y., and Zhang Z. J., Phys. Rev. A, 2005, 72: 044302
Deng F. G. and Long G. L., Commun. Theor. Phys., 2006, 46: 443
Brassard G. and Salrail L., Euro-crypt 193, Lectures Notes in Cumputer Sciences, Vol. 765, New York: Springer-Verlag, 1994: 410
Zukowski M., Zeilinger A., Horne M. A., and Ekert A. K., Phys. Rev. Lett., 1993, 71: 4287
Bennett C. H., Brassard G., Popescu S., Schumacher B., Smolin J. A., and Wootters W. K., Phys. Rev. Lett., 1996, 76: 722
Deutsch D., Ekert A., Jozsa R., Macchiavello C. Popescu S., and Sanpera A., Phys. Rev. Lett., 1996, 77: 2818
Deng F. G., Long G. L., Wang Y., and Xiao L., Chin. Phys. Lett., 2004, 21: 2097
Bennett C. H., Brassard G., Crépeau C., Jozsa R, Peres A., and Wootters W. K., Phys. Rev. Lett., 1993, 70: 1895
Liu X. S., Long G. L., Tong D. M., and Li F., Phys. Rev. A, 2002, 65: 022304
Grudka A. and Wójcik A., Phys. Rev. A, 2002, 66: 014301
Yan F. L. and Wang M. Y., Chin. Phys. Lett., 2004, 21: 1195
Bechmann-Pasquinucci H. and Peres A., Phys. Rev. Lett., 2000, 85: 3313
Li C. Y., Zhou H. Y., Wang Y., and Deng F. G., Chin. Phys. Lett., 2005, 22: 1049
Li C. Y., Li X. H., Deng F. G., Zhou P., Liang Y. J., and Zhou H. Y., Chin. Phys. Lett., 2006, 23: 2896
Deng F. G., Li X. H., Li C. Y., Zhou P., Liang Y. J., and Zhou H. Y., Chin. Phys. Lett., 2006, 23: 1676
Li X. H., Li C. Y., Deng F. G., Zhou P., Liang Y. J., and Zhou H. Y., Chin. Phys. Lett., 2007, 24: 23
Bennett C. H. and Wiesner S. J., Phys. Rev. Lett., 1992, 69: 2881
Bennett C. H., Phys. Rev. Lett, 1992, 68: 3121
Deng F. G., Li X. H., Li C. Y., Zhou P., and Zhou H. Y., Phys. Scr., 2007, 76: 25
Chen P., Deng F. G., and Long G. L., Chin. Phys., 2006, 15: 2228
Deng F. G. and Long G. L., Phys. Rev. A, 2003, 68: 042315
Bennett C. H., Brassard G., and Mermin N. D., Phys. Rev. Lett., 1992, 68: 557
Deng F. G., Li X. H., Li C. Y., Zhou P., and Zhou H. Y., e-print quant-ph/0606008; Chin. Phys., 2007, 16 (in press)
Bennett C. H., Brassard G., and Robert J. M., SIAM J. Comput., 1988, 17: 210
Bennett C. H., Brassard G., Crépeau C., and Maurer U M, IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, 1995, 41: 1915
Bennett C. H. and Brassad G., Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. on Computers, Systems and Signal Processing, Bangalore, India (IEEE, New York), 1984: 175
Ekert A. K., Phys. Rev. Lett., 1991, 67: 661
Yang C. P., Chu S. I., and Han S. Y., Phys. Rev. A, 2004, 70: 022329
Bandyopadhyay S., Phys. Rev. A, 2000, 62: 012308
Karimipour V., Bahraminasab A., and Bagherinezhad S., Phys. Rev. A, 2002, 65: 042320
Cleve R., Gottesman D., and Lo H. K., Phys. Rev. Lett., 1999, 83: 648
Li Y. M., Zhang K. S., and Peng K. C., Phys. Lett., A, 2004, 324: 420
Briegel H. J., Dür W., Cirac J. I., and Zoller P., Phys. Rev. Lett. 1998, 81: 5932
Shor P. W., Phys. Rev. A, 1995, 52: R2493
Calderbank A. R. and Shor P. W., Phys. Rev. A 1996, 54: 1098
Steane A. M., Proc. R. Soc. London A, 1996, 452: 2551
Feng K. Q., Ling S., and Xing C., IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, 2006, 52: 986
Chen H., Ling S., and Xing C., IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, 2005, 51: 2915
Bennett C. H., DiVincenzo D. P., Smolin J. A., and Wootters W. K., Phys. Rev. A, 1996, 54: 3824
Mayers D., Advances in Cryptology-Proceedings of Crypto 96, New York: Springer-Verlag, 1996: 343
Biham E., Boyer M., Boykin P. O., et al., Proceedings of the 32nd Annual ACM Symposium on Theory of Computing, New York: ACM Press, 2000: 715
Biham E., Boyer M., Boykin P. O., et al., Proceedings of the Thirty-Second Annual ACM Symposium on Theory of Computing, New York: ACM Press, 2000: 715
Lo H. K. and Chau H. F., Science, 1999, 283: 2050
Shor P. W. and Preskill J., Phys. Rev. Lett., 2000, 85: 441
Lo H. K., Quantum Information and Computation, 2001, 1: 81
Gottesman D. and Lo H. K., IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, 2003, 49: 457
Chau H. F., Phys. Rev. A, 2002, 66: 060302(R)
Hwang W. Y., Wang X. B., Matsumoto K., Kim J., and Lee H. W., Phys. Rev. A, 2003, 67: 012302
Wen K. and Long G. L., Phys. Rev. A, 2005, 72: 022336
Wen K. and Long G. L., e-print quant-ph/0609207
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Long, Gl., Deng, Fg., Wang, C. et al. Quantum secure direct communication and deterministic secure quantum communication. Front. Phys. China 2, 251–272 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11467-007-0050-3
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11467-007-0050-3
Keywords
- quantum secure direct communication
- deterministic secure quantum communication
- network
- quantum privacy amplification
- one-party quantum error correcting codes