Energy and entropy equations in coupled nonequilibrium thermal mechanical diffusive chemical heterogeneous system

Abstract

In this paper we give an appropriate energy equation considering the diffusion and the energy production contributions of species for a complex coupled system with chemical reaction. It is shown that the contribution of the mass diffusion on the internal energy is the same whether it is introduced by the mass flow through the outer boundary or by the inner chemical reaction. In addition, the diffusion is a purely irreversible process and does not produce reversible entropy or entropy flow. Based on this theory a new entropy production rate equation is derived for the coupled thermal diffusive chemical heterogeneous system. The evolution equations of the heat conduction and the mass diffusion derived from this theory are fully consistent with the Fourier and Fick’s laws.

摘要

本文针对现有教材和文献中关于非平衡热-机械-扩散-化学非均匀耦合系统的能量方程存在的缺陷提出了修正,给出了正确的新的能量方程。在新的能量方程的基础上,给出了合适的熵方程和熵产率方程,进而给出了不可逆力和流的演化方程,它们和和富利埃和菲克方程一致。这有助于改变以往把线性不可逆热力学看成半定量、半定性科学的概念,使之成为线性近似意义上的精确科学,即理论的结果基本上可以直接应用。