Abstract
Various hydrological models have been designed to simulate moisture transformation in the water-cycle system between atmospheric water, surface water, soil water and groundwater. But few have been designed specially for oases in arid desert areas where the ecology and the environment are vulnerable because of unwise water-land resources utilization. In order to analyze the moisture transformation in the Hotan Oasis in the Taklimakan Desert in China, and hence to provide scientific references for the rational exploitation and allocation of the limited water-land resources, for the purpose of ensuring that the vulnerable ecology and environment there can be gradually improved and the social economy there can develop sustainably, a dissipative hydrological model for the Hotan Oasis (DHMHO) was developed. It was an outcome of years of systematic study on the moisture transformation in arid areas and on the water–land conditions in the Hotan Oasis. Based on statistics, DHMHO introduces two empirical equations whereby we dynamically calibrated model parameters with monthly data from year 1971 to 1995. Then the calibrated parameters were used to model the moisture movement from 1996 to 2003 and thereafter rationality check and error analysis were conducted. The error analysis results show that the absolute relative errors between simulated and observed groundwater depth values are almost (11 of 12 points) within 20%, and those in annual watershed outflow simulation are mostly (six of eight points) within 20% with an average annual Nash–Sutcliffe Efficiency Coefficient (NSEC) of 0.80. With DHMHO and IPCC assessment, we also simulated the moisture transformation and dissipation in the Hotan Oasis from the year 2011 to 2020. Results show details of the water resources in the Hotan Oasis in the next decade and hence are expected to provide scientific references for establishing rational exploitation and allocation policies on the local water–land resources in the future.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
Borah DK, Bera M (2003) Watershed-scale hydrologic and nonpoint-source pollution models: review of mathematical bases. Trans ASAE 46(6):1553–1566
Casey MJ (1999) The effect of watershed subdivision on simulated hydrologic response using the nrcs tr-20 model. Master thesis, University of Maryland
Chai XL, Guo SL, Peng DZ, Zhang HG (2006) A study on the application of IHACRES model in runof simulation in ungauged basins. J China Hydrol 26(2):30–33
Chen JF, Lee CH, Yeh TC, Yu JL (2005) A water budget model for the Yun-Lin plain, Taiwan. Water Resour Manag 19:483–504
Dye PJ, Croke BFW (2003) Evaluation of streamflow predictions by the IHACRES rainfall–runoff model in two South African catchments. Environ Model Softw 18:705–712
Harbaugh AW, Banta ER, Hill MC, McDonald MG (2000) MODFLOW-2000, the U.S. geological survey modular ground-water model—user guide to modularization concepts and the ground-water flow process. U.S. Geological Survey, Open-File Report 00-92, Reston, Virginia
Hernandez M, Miller SN, Goodrich DC et al (2000) Modeling runoff response to land cover and rainfall spatial variability in semi-arid watersheds. Environ Monit Assess 64:285–298
Hu HP, Tang QH, Lei ZD, Yang SX (2004) Runoff-evaporation hydrological model for arid plain oasis,1,the model structure. Adv Water Sci 15(2):140–145
Jakeman AJ, Littlewood IG, Whitehead PG (1990) Computation of the instantaneous unit hydrograph and identifiable component flows with application to two small upland catchments. J Hydrol 117:275–300
Lei ZD, Yang SX, Xie SC (1988) Soil water kinetics. Tsinghua University Press, Beijing
Li QF, Gowing J (2005) A daily water balance modelling approach for simulating performance of tank-based irrigation systems. Water Resour Manag 19:211–231
Loukas A, Mylopoulos N, Vasiliades L (2007) A modeling system for the evaluation of water resources management strategies in Thessaly, Greece. Water Resour Manag 21:1673–1702
Lundqvist J, Falkenmark M (2000) Editorial: towards hydrosolidarity: focus on the upstream-downstream conflicts of interests. Water Int 25(2):168–171
Meng CH, Xia J (2004) Research on the water storage of soil reservoir. Water Saving Irrigation 4:8–10
Nash JE, Sutchliffe JV (1970) River flow forecasting through conceptual models part I—a discussion of principles. J Hydrol 10:282–290
Otles Z, Gutowski WJ (2005) Atmospheric stability effects on Penman–Monteith evapotranspiration estimates. Pure Appl Geophys 162:2239–2254
Refsgaard JC, Sørensen HR, Mucha I et al (1998) An integrated model for the Danubian Lowland—methodology and applications. Water Resour Manag 12:433–465
Shen B, Huang LM, Ruan BQ, Luo GM (2003) Study on the water cycling characteristics of the Hotan Oasis during the second half of last century. J Hydraul Eng 5:78–83
Tang QH (2003) A study of dissipative hydrological model for arid plain oasis. Master thesis, Tsinghua University, Beijing
Tang QH, Tian FQ, Hu HP (2004) Runoff-evaporation hydrological model for arid plain oasis, 2. Applications of the model. Adv Water Sci 15(2):146–150
US Army Corps of Engineers (1997) Storage, treatment, overflow, runoff model. STORM user’s manual. Hydraulic Engineering Center, David C A:170
Wang AZ, Jin CJ, Liu JM, Pei TF (2006) A modified Hortonian overland flow model based on laboratory experiments. Water Resour Manag 20:181–192
Wang RH, Zhang HZ, Ma YJ (2003) The reason for ecological fragility in the Hotan River basin. Journal of Northwest University (Natural Science Edition) 33(1):106–110
Wanielista M, Kersten R, Eaglin R (1997) Hydrology—water quantity and quality control. Wiley, New York
Xia J (2002) Nonlinear systematic theories and methods in hydrology. Wuhan University Press, Wuhan
Xia J, Wang GS, Tan G, Ye AZ, Huang GH (2005) Development of distributed time-variant gain model for nonlinear hydrological systems. Sci China D Earth Sci 48(6):713–723
Zhao RJ (1984) Basin hydrology modeling—Xin’anjiang model and Shanbei model. China Waterpower Press, Beijing
Zhao CS (2005) Study on dissipative hydrological model and its application to the Hotan oasis. Master thesis, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Zhao, C., Shen, B., Huang, L. et al. A Dissipative Hydrological Model for the Hotan Oasis (DHMHO). Water Resour Manage 23, 1183–1210 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11269-008-9322-0
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11269-008-9322-0