Abstract
This article uses the data from the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) 2000 to examine whether the influence of family background on educational achievement is sensitive to different measures of the family’s socio-economic status (SES). The study finds that, when a multidimensional measure of SES is used, the family background has a stronger influence on achievement across countries than if the simpler measure of SES is used. The new measure, which incorporated aspects of parental occupation, education and cultural resources, was not biased towards more wealthy nations, Western nations, or urban population. However, when a proxy of wealth was included in the measure of SES, this reduced the other measured effects of family background on achievement in many countries.
Résumé
L’INFLUENCE DE L’ARRIÈRE-PLAN FAMILIAL SUR L’ACCOMPLISSEMENT DE L’ÉTUDIANT : DÉVELOPPER UN SYSTÈME DE MESURE PLUS SENSIBLE - cet article utilise les donnÉes du Programme International pour le Suivi des Acquis des ÉlÈves (PISA) 2000 pour examiner si l’influence de l’arriÈre-plan familial sur l’accomplissement en matiÈre Éducative est sensible aux diffÉrentes mesures du statut socio-Économique de la famille (SSE). L’Étude constate que, lorsqu’on utilise une mesure multidimensionnelle de SSE, l’arriÈre-plan familial a une influence plus forte sur l’accomplissement à travers les pays que si la mesure plus simple du SSE est employÉe. La nouvelle mesure, qui incorporait des aspects du mÉtier parental, de l’Éducation et des ressources culturelles, n’Était pas prÉdisposÉe en faveur des nations plus riches, des nations occidentales, ou de la population urbaine. Cependant, quand une mesure de richesse Était incluse dans les donnÉes, ceci rÉduisait dans beaucoup de pays les autres effets mesurÉs de l’arriÈre-plan familial sur l’accomplissement.
Resumen
LA INFLUENCIA DEL TRANSFONDO FAMILIAR SOBRE EL RENDIMIENTO DE LOS ESTUDIANTES: DESARROLLO DE UN SISTEMA DE EVALUACIÓN MÁS SENSIBLE - Este artículo utiliza los datos del programa internacional de evaluaciÓn de estudiantes (pisa) del año 2000 para comprobar si los valores de influencia del trasfondo familiar cambian con las diferentes formas de medir el status socioeconÓmico (SES). según este estudio, cuando se utiliza una mediciÓn multidimensional del ses, el trasfondo familiar muestra una mayor influencia sobre el rendimiento, a lo largo de los diferentes países, que cuando se aplica una mediciÓn del ses mÁs simple. el nuevo sistema de medida, que ha incorporado aspectos como ocupaciÓn, educaciÓn y nivel cultural de los padres, no beneficia a las naciones con mayor bienestar, ni a las naciones occidentales ni a la poblaciÓn urbana. sin embargo, la inclusiÓn en los datos de una comprobaciÓn del bienestar redujo en muchos países los valores relacionados con los efectos del trasfondo familiar sobre el rendimiento de los estudiantes.
Zusammenfassung
DER EINFLUSS DES FAMILIENHINTERGRUNDS AUF SCHÜLERLEISTUNGEN: ZUR ENTWICKLUNG EINES SENSIBLEREN NOTENSYSTEMS – Der Artikel stÜtzt sich auf Daten aus dem internationalen SchÜlervergleichsprogramm (PISA) 2000 unter der Fragestellung, ob sich der Einfluss des Familienhintergrunds auf die SchÜlerleistungen je nach Messmethode des sozio-ökonomischen Status der Familie (SES) unterschiedlich darstellt. Die Studie kommt zu dem Ergebnis, dass bei Verwendung von multidimensionalen SES-Messungen der Familienhintergrund im Ländervergleich einen stärkeren Einfluss ausÜbt als bei einfacheren SES-Messungen. Die neue Messmethode, die auch den Aspekt der Berufstätigkeit, Bildung und kulturellen Ressourcen der Eltern einbezog, war unvoreingenommen in Bezug auf reichere Nationen, westliche Nationen oder städtische Bevölkerungen. Wurde jedoch eine Wohlstandsmessung in die Daten einbezogen, so reduzierte dies in vielen Ländern die anderen gemessenen Effekte des Familienhintergrunds auf die SchÜlerleistungen.
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Nonoyama-Tarumi, Y. Cross-National Estimates of the Effects of Family Background on Student Achievement: A Sensitivity Analysis. Int Rev Educ 54, 57–82 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11159-007-9069-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11159-007-9069-5