Abstract
Objectives: This study aimed to determine the cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Korean version of the EQ-5D in rheumatic conditions. Methods: Translation, back-translation and cognitive debriefing were performed according to the EuroQol group’s guidelines. For validity, 508 patients were recruited and administered the EQ-5D, Short-Form 36 and condition-specific measures. Construct validity and sensitivity were evaluated by testing a-priori hypotheses. For reliability, another 57 patients repeated the EQ-5D at 1-week interval, and intra-class correlations (ICC) and kappa statistics were estimated. For responsiveness, another 60 patients repeated it at 12-week interval within the context of clinical trial, and standardized response mean(SRM) were calculated. Results: The cross-cultural adaptation produced no major modifications in the scale. The associations of the EQ-5D with the generic- and condition-specific measures were observed as expected in hypotheses the higher: EQ-5D index and EQ-5D VAS scores, the better health status by generic- or condition-specific measures, and the better functional class. The ICCs were 0.751 and 0.767, respectively, and kappa ranged from 0.455 to 0.772. The SRM were 0.649 and 0.410, respectively. Conclusion: The Korean EQ-5D exhibits good validity and sensitivity in various rheumatic conditions. Although its reliability and responsiveness were not excellent, it seems acceptable if condition-specific measures are applied together.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
Abbreviations
- AS:
-
ankylosing spondylitis
- FMS:
-
fibromyalgia syndrome
- SF-36:
-
Health Survey Short-Form 36
- OA:
-
osteoarthritis
- RA:
-
rheumatoid arthritis
- SRM:
-
standardized response mean
- SLE:
-
systemic lupus erythematosus
References
R Rabin F. Charro Particlede (2001) ArticleTitleEQ-5D: A measure of health status from the EuroQol Group Ann Med 33 337–343 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BD3MvksFWqsw%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10.3109/07853890109002087 Occurrence Handle11491192
F Wolfe HA Smythe MB. Yunus (1990) ArticleTitleThe American College of Rheumatology 1990 criteria for the classification of fibromyalgia Report of the multicenter criteria committee. Arthritis Rheum 33 160–172 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK3c7ms1Sguw%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10.1002/art.1780330203 Occurrence Handle2306288
R Altman E Asch D. Bloch (1986) ArticleTitleDevelopment of criteria for the classification and reporting of osteoarthritis Classification of osteoarthritis of the knee. Diagnostic and therapeutic criteria committee of the American rheumatism association. Arthritis Rheum 29 1039–1049 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaL283psF2msQ%3D%3D Occurrence Handle3741515
FC Arnett SM Edworthy DA. Bloch (1988) ArticleTitleThe American rheumatism association 1987 revised criteria for the classification of rheumatoid arthritis Arthritis Rheum 31 315–324 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaL1c7pt1Ohsg%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10.1002/art.1780310302 Occurrence Handle3358796
MC. Hochberg (1997) ArticleTitleUpdating the American college of rheumatology revised criteria for the classification of systemic lupus erythematosus Arthritis Rheum 40 1725 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK2svmsVaisw%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10.1002/art.1780400928 Occurrence Handle9324032
S Linden Particlevan der HA Valkenburg A. Cats (1984) ArticleTitleEvaluation of diagnostic criteria for ankylosing spondylitis A proposal for modification of the New York criteria. Arthritis Rheum 27 361–368 Occurrence Handle6231933
A Calin S Garrett H. Whitelock (1994) ArticleTitleA new approach to defining functional ability in ankylosing spondylitis: The development of the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index J Rheumatol 21 2281–2285 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK2M3htl2qsA%3D%3D Occurrence Handle7699629
SC Bae JH. Lee (2004) ArticleTitleCross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Korean fibromyalgia impact questionnaire in women patients with fibromyalgia for clinical research Qual Life Res 13 857–861 Occurrence Handle10.1023/B:QURE.0000021688.92614.60 Occurrence Handle15129895
SC Bae HS Lee HR. Yun (2001) ArticleTitleCross-cultural adaptation and validation of Korean western Ontario and McMaster universities (WOMAC) and Lequesne osteoarthritis indices for clinical research Osteoarthritis Cartilage 9 746–750 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BD38%2FmvVylug%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10.1053/joca.2001.0471 Occurrence Handle11795994
SC Bae EF Cook SY. Kim (1998) ArticleTitlePsychometric evaluation of a Korean health assessment questionnaire for clinical research J Rheumatol 25 1975–1979 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK1cvltFWgsQ%3D%3D Occurrence Handle9779853
C Bombardier DD Gladman MB Urowitz D Caron CH. Chang (1992) ArticleTitleDerivation of the SLEDAI A disease activity index for lupus patients. The committee on prognosis studies in SLE. Arthritis Rheum 35 630–640 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK383oslWrtg%3D%3D
D Gladman E Ginzler C. Goldsmith (1992) ArticleTitleSystemic lupus international collaborative clinics: Development of a damage index in systemic lupus erythematosus J Rheumatol 19 1820–1821 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK3s7kvVaktg%3D%3D Occurrence Handle1362779
J Maurice RDH Staquet MF. Peter (1998) Quality of Life Assessment in Clinical Trials: Methods and Practice Oxford University Press New York
JL. Fleiss (1981) Statistical Methods for Rates and Proportions John Wiley & Sons, Inc New York
JA Husted RJ Cook VT Farewell DD. Gladman (2000) ArticleTitleMethods for assessing responsiveness: A critical review and recommendations J Clin Epidemiol 53 459–468 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BD3c3nsVShuw%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0895-4356(99)00206-1 Occurrence Handle10812317
NP Hurst P Kind D Ruta M Hunter A. Stubbings (1997) ArticleTitleMeasuring health-related quality of life in rheumatoid arthritis: validity, responsiveness and reliability of EuroQol (EQ-5D) Br J Rheumatol 36 551–559 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK2szjt1yqtw%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10.1093/rheumatology/36.5.551 Occurrence Handle9189057
KL Haywood AM Garratt K Dziedzic PT. Dawes (2002) ArticleTitleGeneric measures of health-related quality of life in ankylosing spondylitis: Reliability, validity and responsiveness Rheumatology (Oxford) 41 1380–1387 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BD38jjvVantg%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10.1093/rheumatology/41.12.1380
C Wang NE Mayo PR. Fortin (2001) ArticleTitleThe relationship between health related quality of life and disease activity and damage in systemic lupus erythematosus J Rheumatol 28 525–532 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BD3Mzot1Siug%3D%3D Occurrence Handle11296953
N Luo LH Chew KY. Fong (2003) ArticleTitleValidity and reliability of the EQ-5D self-report questionnaire in English-speaking Asian patients with rheumatic diseases in Singapore Qual Life Res 12 87–92 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BD3s7ht1aiuw%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10.1023/A:1022063721237 Occurrence Handle12625521
M Fransen J. Edmonds (1999) ArticleTitleReliability and validity of the EuroQol in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee Rheumatology (Oxford) 38 807–813 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK1MvktlKlsA%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10.1093/rheumatology/38.9.807
JE Brazier R Harper J Munro SJ Walters ML. Snaith (1999) ArticleTitleGeneric and condition-specific outcome measures for people with osteoarthritis of the knee Rheumatology (Oxford) 38 870–877 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK1MvktlKksA%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10.1093/rheumatology/38.9.870
P. Kind (1996) The EuroQol Instrument:an index of health-related quality of life. B Spilker (Eds) Quality of Life and Pharmacoeconomics in Clinical Trials Lippincott-Raven Publishers Philadelphia 191–201
X Badia M Roset M Herdman P. Kind (2001) ArticleTitleA comparison of United Kingdom and Spanish general population time trade-off values for EQ-5D health states Med Decis Making 21 7–16 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BD3M3ktlKisg%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10.1177/0272989X0102100102 Occurrence Handle11206949
A Tsuchiya S Ikeda N. Ikegami (2002) ArticleTitleEstimating an EQ-5D population value set: The case of Japan Health Econ 11 341–353 Occurrence Handle10.1002/hec.673 Occurrence Handle12007165
ME Suarez-Almazor B. Conner-Spady (2001) ArticleTitleRating of arthritis health states by patients, physicians, and the general public Implications for cost-utility analyses J Rheumatol 28 648–656 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BD3Mzot1Snsw%3D%3D Occurrence Handle11296976
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kim, MH., Cho, YS., Uhm, WS. et al. Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Korean version of the EQ-5D in patients with rheumatic diseases. Qual Life Res 14, 1401–1406 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-004-5681-z
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-004-5681-z