Abstract
Salicylic acid (SA) plays a crucial role in stress resistance in plants by modifying the expression of a battery of genes. In this paper, we report the identification of a group of early SA-regulated genes of Arabidopsis (activated between 0.5–2.5 h), using the cDNA-amplified fragment length polymorphism technique (cDNA-AFLP). Using 128 different primer combinations, we identified several genes based on their differential expression during SA treatment. Among these, we identified 12 genes up-regulated by SA whose patterns of induction were confirmed by Northern analysis. The identified genes can be grouped into two functional groups: Group 1: genes involved in cell protection (i.e. glycosyltransferases, glutathion S-transferases), and Group 2: genes involved in signal transduction (protein kinases and transcription factors). We also evaluated NPR1 requirement for the induction of the 12 up-regulated genes, and found that only those belonging to Group 2 require this co-activator for their expression. In silico analysis of the promoter sequences of the up-regulated genes, allowed us to identify putative cis-elements over-represented in these genes. Interestingly, as-1-like elements, previously characterized as SA-responsive elements, were specifically over-represented in Group 1 genes. The identification of early SA-regulated genes is an important step towards understanding the complex role of this hormone in plant stress resistance.
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Abbreviations
- AFLP-TP:
-
amplified fragment length polymorphism-based transcript profiling
- as-1 :
-
activation sequence-1
- GST:
-
glutathione S-transferase
- GT:
-
glycosyltransferase
- HR:
-
hypersensitive response
- IEGT :
-
immediate early glycosyltransferase gene
- JA:
-
jasmonic acid
- NPR1:
-
nonexpressor of PR genes 1
- PR:
-
pathogenesis-related proteins
- ROS:
-
reactive oxygen species
- SA:
-
salicylic acid
- SAR:
-
systemic acquired resistance
- TDF:
-
transcript derived fragments
- TGAs:
-
family of bZip transcription factors recognizing TGACG motif
- WT:
-
wild type
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Blanco, F., Garretón, V., Frey, N. et al. Identification of NPR1-Dependent and Independent Genes Early Induced by Salicylic Acid Treatment in Arabidopsis. Plant Mol Biol 59, 927–944 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11103-005-2227-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11103-005-2227-x