Abstract
Geitlerinema amphibium (BA-13), mat-forming cyanobacterium from the southern Baltic Sea, was grown at three irradiances [5, 65, and 125 μmol(photon) m−2 s−1] and three temperatures (15, 22.5, and 30°C). To determine the effect of the investigated factors and their interaction on culture concentration, pigment content, and photosynthetic parameters of cyanobacterium, factorial experiments and two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were carried out. Both chlorophyll (Chl) a and phycobilins (PB) were influenced by the irradiance and temperature, but stronger effect was noted in the case of the former one. Chl a and PB concentration per 100 μm of filament dropped above 4-fold with the increasing irradiance. The ratios between individual carotenoids [β-carotene, zeaxanthin, and myxoxanthophyll (Myx)] and Chl a increased significantly with an increase in the irradiance. The greatest fluctuations were observed in the ratio of Myx to Chl a (above 10-fold). Thus, Myx was suggested as the main photoprotective carotenoid in G. amphibium. Based on photosynthetic light response (PI) curves, two mechanisms of photoacclimation in G. amphibium were recognized: a change of photosynthetic units (PSU) number and a change of PSU size. These two mechanisms constituted the base of significant changes in photosynthetic rate and its parameters, such as the compensation point (P C), the initial slope of photosynthetic curve (α), saturation irradiance (E K), maximal photosynthetic rate (P max), and dark respiration rate (R D). The greatest changes were observed in P C values (about 15-fold within the range of the factors tested). Studied parameters showed a wide range of changes, which might indicate G. amphibium ability to acclimatize well to irradiance and temperature, and indirectly might explain the successful growth of cyanobacterium in dynamically changing environmental conditions.
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Abbreviations
- ANOVA :
-
analysis of variance
- AP:
-
allophycocyanin
- CCBA:
-
Culture Collection of Baltic Algae
- Chl:
-
chlorophyll
- DM:
-
dry mass
- E K :
-
saturation irradiance
- Myx:
-
myxoxanthophyll
- N:
-
number of filament units
- OD:
-
optical density
- P C :
-
compensation point
- PB:
-
phycobilins
- PC:
-
phycocyanin
- PE:
-
phycoerythrin
- PI:
-
photosynthetic light response
- P max :
-
maximum photosynthetic rate
- P N :
-
net photosynthetic rate
- PSII:
-
photosystem II
- PSU:
-
photosynthetic units
- R D :
-
dark respiration rate
- RP-HPLC:
-
reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography
- α:
-
initial slope of photosynthetic curve
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Acknowledgements: This study was supported by research grants from the Council for Science — Poland (6 PO4F 117 21, 3 PO4F 027 23) and by the University of Gdańsk (BW/1320-5-0170-9, BW/1320-5-0075-2).
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Jodłowska, S., Latała, A. Combined effects of light and temperature on growth, photosynthesis, and pigment content in the mat-forming cyanobacterium Geitlerinema amphibium . Photosynthetica 51, 202–214 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11099-013-0019-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11099-013-0019-0