Abstract.
The human and mouse genomes each contain at least 12 genes encoding LIM homeodomain (LIM-HD) transcription factors. These gene regulatory proteins feature two LIM domains in their amino termini and a characteristic DNA binding homeodomain. Studies of mouse models and human patients have established that the LIM-HD factors are critical for the development of specialized cells in multiple tissue types, including the nervous system, skeletal muscle, the heart, the kidneys, and endocrine organs such as the pituitary gland and the pancreas. In this article, we review the roles of the LIM-HD proteins in mammalian development and their involvement in human diseases.
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Abbreviations
- bHLH:
-
basic helix–loop–helix
- BMP:
-
bone morphogenetic protein
- CNS:
-
central nervous system
- CPHD:
-
combined pituitary hormone deficiency
- FSH:
-
follicle-stimulating hormone
- GABA:
-
gamma aminobutyric acid
- GAP:
-
GTPase-activating protein
- HD:
-
homeodomain
- ISL:
-
islet
- LHX:
-
LIM homeobox gene
- LIM-HD:
-
LIM homeodomain
- LMX:
-
LIM homeobox gene
- MGE:
-
medial ganglionic eminence
- NIDDM:
-
non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
- NPS:
-
nail-patella syndrome
- RNAi:
-
RNA interference
- SH3:
-
Src homology 3
- SNP:
-
single nucleotide polymorphism
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Hunter, C.S., Rhodes, S.J. LIM-homeodomain genes in mammalian development and human disease. Mol Biol Rep 32, 67–77 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-004-7657-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-004-7657-z