Abstract
In the present work 39 ancient ceramic sherds from the archaeological excavation of Abdera, North-Eastern Greece, dating to 7th century B.C., and 11 local raw clay bricks, fired at temperatures ranging from 500 to 1000°C, were characterized by ICP-AES, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) and thermal analysis (TG-DTA) techniques. It has been found that the mineralogical composition of the most studied sherds is quartz, feldspars and micas, which is in agreement with the composition of the local bricks. Chlorite is also present in a few samples, while there is one completely different sherd, which belongs to the Ca-rich clays. From the simultaneous TG/DTG and DTA data, under nitrogen atmosphere in the temperature ranges ambient to 1000°C, we comment on the possible firing temperature and distinguish between samples of different origin. The existence of muscovite or illite in most of the samples denotes that the firing temperature was lower than 950°C, while the existence of chlorite means that the firing process in these samples stopped before 700°C. A very different thermogram gave the Ca-rich ceramic sherd, due to the existence of calcite, denoting that the firing temperature was about 700°C.
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Papadopoulou, D.N., Lalia-Kantouri, M., Kantiranis, N. et al. Thermal and mineralogical contribution to the ancient ceramics and natural clays characterization. J Therm Anal Calorim 84, 39–45 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-005-7173-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-005-7173-y