Abstract
The intervertebral disc (IVD) has a central nucleus pulposus (NP) able to resist compressive loads and an outer annulus fibrosus which withstands tension and gives mechanical strength. The tissue engineering of a disc substitute represents a challenge from mechanical and biological (nutrition and transport) points of view. Two hyaluronan-derived polymeric substitute materials, HYAFF® 120, an ester and HYADD® 3, an amide were injected into the NP of the lumbar spine of female pigs (11.1 ± 1.0 Kg) in which a nucleotomy had also been performed. Homologous bone marrow stem cells, obtained from the bone marrow three weeks before spinal surgery, were included in the HYADD® 3 material (1× 106 cells/ml). Two lumbar discs were operated in each animal. Control discs received a nucleotomy only. The animals were killed after 6 weeks and the lumbar spines recovered for histopathological study.
Nucleotomy resulted in loss of normal IVD structure with narrowing, fibrous tissue replacement and disruption of the bony end-plates (4/4). By contrast, both HYAFF® 120 (4/4) and HYADD 3® (4/4) treatment prevented this change. The injected discs had a central NP-like region which had a close similarity to the normal biconvex structure and contained viable chondrocytes forming matrix like that of normal disc.
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Revell, P.A., Damien, E., Di Silvio, L. et al. Tissue engineered intervertebral disc repair in the pig using injectable polymers. J Mater Sci: Mater Med 18, 303–308 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-006-0693-6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-006-0693-6