Abstract
The influence of the size and nature of counter-ions on the permeability of polypyrrole films to hydrogen was tested. The permeabilities were determined using the method of limiting currents on a Pt rotating disc electrode with subsequent Koutecky-Levich analysis. The work has focused mainly on the influence of the anion size, but the effect of polymeric anion hydrophilicity was also considered. Attention was especially paid to Nafion® as a counter-ion. It was found that Nafion® markedly increases polypyrrole permeability. The film growth was followed by means of EQCN, which allowed determination of the polypyrrole film densities.
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Abbreviations
- b :
-
Tafel slope (V decade−1)
- c :
-
molar concentration (mol cm−3)
- C film :
-
solubility of H2 (mol cm−3)
- D :
-
diffusion coefficient (cm2 s−1)
- f :
-
frequency (kHz)
- F:
-
Faraday constant (C mol−1)
- j :
-
current density (mA cm−2)
- k :
-
permeability (mol cm−1 s−1)
- K :
-
constant Eq. (i) (cm3 C−1)
- K′:
-
constant Eq. (xii) (g C−1)
- m :
-
weight ( \(\mu\)g)
- n :
-
number of electrons exchanged
- S :
-
geometric surface area (cm2)
- Q :
-
electric charge for film synthesis (C)
- x EQCN :
-
calibration constant of crystal ( \(\mu\)g kHz−1)
- δ:
-
thickness (cm)
- η:
-
overvoltage (V)
- Θ:
-
degree of coverage
- ρ:
-
density (g cm−3)
- υ:
-
kinematic viscosity (cm2 s−1)
- ω:
-
angular rotation rate (rad s−1)
- ads:
-
adsorption
- dif:
-
diffusional
- ext:
-
extrapolated
- film:
-
polymer film
- kin:
-
reaction kinetics
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Acknowledgements
Financial support of this research by the Grant Agency of the Czech Republic under project number 104/02/0664 and by the European Union within the “Apollon” project, Project No. NNE5-2001-00187, is gratefully acknowledged.
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Holzhauser, P., Bouzek, K. Influence of counter-ions on the permeability of polypyrrole films to hydrogen. J Appl Electrochem 36, 703–710 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10800-006-9132-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10800-006-9132-0