Abstract
A comparative study of the influence of CO2 and H2O on both lean and rich CH4-air laminar flames is performed. Six premixed flames are stabilized on a flat flame burner at atmospheric pressure: lean (with the equivalence ratio maintained constant at ϕ = 0.7) and rich (with the equivalence ratio maintained constant at ϕ = 1.4) CH4-air, CH4-CO2-air, and CH4-H2O-air flames. These flames are studied experimentally and numerically. The [CO2]/[CH4] and [H2O]/[CH4] ratios are kept equal to 0.4 for both flames series. Species mole fraction profiles are measured by gas chromatography and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analyses of gas samples withdrawn along the vertical axis by a quartz microprobe. Flames structures are computed by using the ChemkinII/Premix code. Four detailed combustion mechanisms are used to calculate the laminar flame velocities and species mole fraction profiles: GRI-Mech 3.0, Dagaut, UCSD, and GDFkin®3.0.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Explore related subjects
Discover the latest articles, news and stories from top researchers in related subjects.Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
S. Ponnusamy, M. D. Checkel, and B. A. Fleck, “Maintaining burning velocity of exhaust-diluted methane-air flames by partial fuel reformation,” IFRF Combust. J., No. 200506 (2005).
P. Han, M. D. Checkel, B. A. Fleck, and N. L. Nowicki “Burning velocity of methane/diluent mixture with reformer gas addition,” Fuel, 86, 585–596 (2007).
A. Dubreuil, F. Foucher, C. Mounaïm-Rousselle, G. Dayma, and P. Dagaut, “HCCI combustion: Effect of NO in EGR,” Proc. Combust. Inst., 31, 2879–2886 (2007).
J. Y. Ren, W. Qin, F. N. Egolfopoulos, H. Mak, and T. T. Tsotsis “Methane reforming and its potential effect on the efficiency and pollutant emissions of lean methane-air combustion,” Chem. Eng. Sci, 56, 1541–1549 (2001).
J. Y. Ren, F. N. Egolfopoulos, and T. T. Tsotsis, “NOx emission control of lean methane-air combustion with addition of methane reforming products,” Combust. Sci. Technol., 174, 181–205 (2002).
C. Renard, M. Musik, P. J. Van Tiggelen, and J. Vandooren, “Effect of CO2 or H2O addition on hydrocarbon intermediates in rich C2H4/O2/Ar flames,” in: Proc. European Combustion Meeting (2003).
D. Zhao, H. Yamashita, K. Kitagawa, N. Arai, and T. Furuhata, “Behavior and effect on NOx formation of OH radical in methane-air diffusion flame with steam addition,” Combust. Flame, 130, 352–360 (2002).
D.-J. Hwang, J.-W. Choi, J. Park, S.-I. Keel, C.-B. Ch, and D.-S. Noh, “Numerical study on flame structure and NO formation in CH4-O2-N2 counterflow diffusion flame diluted with H2O,” Int. J. Energ. Res., 28, 1255–1267 (2004).
J. Biet, J. L. Delfau, L. Pillier, and C. Vovelle, “Influence of CO2 and H2 on the chemical structure of a premixed, lean methane-air flame,” in: Proc. European Combustion Meeting (2007).
G. P. Smith, D. M. Golden, M. Frenklach, et al., GRI-Mech 3.0 (1999). http://www.me.berkeley.edu/grimech/version30/text30.html.
P. Dagaut and A. Nicolle, “Experimental and detailed kinetic modeling study of hydrogen-enriched natural gas blend oxidation over extended temperature and equivalence ratio ranges,” Proc. Combust. Inst., 30, 2631–2638 (2005).
University of California, San Diego, Center for Energy Research Combustion Division; http://maemail.ucsd.edu/combustion/cermech/.
A. El Bakali, L. Pillier, P. Desgroux, B. Lefort, L. Gasnot, J. F. Pauwels, and I. da Costa, “NO prediction in natural gas flames using GDF-Kin_3.0 mechanism: NCN and HCN contribution to prompt-NO formation,” Fuel, 85, 896–909 (2006).
J. H. Kent, “A noncatalytic coating for platinumrhodium thermocouples,” Combust. Flame., 14, 279–282 (1970).
J. Biet, J. L. Delfau, A. Seydi, and C. Vovelle, “Experimental and modeling study of lean premixed atmospheric-pressure propane/O2/N2 flames,” Combust. Flame, 142, 197–209 (2005).
U. Bonne, Th. Grewer, and H. Gg. Wagner, “Messungen in der Reaktionzone von wasserstoff-sauerstoff und methane-sauerstoff Flammen,” Z. Phys. Chem., 26, 93–110 (1960).
E. W. Kaiser, T. J. Wallington, M. D. Hurley, J. Platz, H. J. Curran, W. J. Pitz, and C. K. Westbrook, “Experimental and modelling study of premixed atmospheric-pressure dimethyl ether-air flames,” J. Phys. Chem., 104, 8194–8206 (2000).
R. J. Kee, F. M. Rupley, and J. A. Miller, “CHEMKIN-II: A Fortran chemical kinetics package for the analysis of gas phase chemical kinetics,” Sandia National Laboratories Report No. SAND 89-8009B (1989).
R. J. Kee, J. F. Grcar, M. D. Smooke, and J. A. Miller, “PREMIX: A Fortran program for modeling laminar one-dimensional premixed flames,” Sandia National Laboratories Report No. SAND85-8240 (1985). http://www.ca.sandia.gov/chemkin/.
F. Liu, H. Guo, G. J. Smallwood, and O. L. Gülder, “The chemical effects of carbon dioxide as an additive in an ethylene diffusion flame: implications for soot and NOx formation,” Combust. Flame, 125,Nos. 1–2, 778–787 (2001).
F. Liu, H. Guo, and G. J. Smallwood “The chemical effect of CO2 replacement of N2 in air on the burning velocity of CH4 and H2 premixed flames,” Combust. Flame, 133, No. 4, P. 495–497 (2003).
C. Zhang, A. Atreya, and K. Lee, “Sooting structure of methane counterflow diffusion flames with preheated reactants and dilution by products of combustion,” Proc. Combust. Inst., 24, 1049–1057 (1992).
B. S. Babkin and A. V. V’yun, “Effect of water vapor on the normal burning velocity of a methane-air mixture at high pressures,” Combust., Expl., Shock Wave, 7, No. 3, 339–341 (1971).
I. Fells and A. G. Rutherford, “Burning velocity of methane-air flames,” Combust. Flame, 13, 130–138 (1969).
K. Müller-Dethlefs and A. F. Schlader, “The effect of steam on flame temperature, burning velocity and carbon formation in hydrocarbon flames,” Combust. Flame, 27, 205–215 (1976).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
__________
Translated from Fizika Goreniya i Vzryva, Vol. 45, No. 6, pp. 3–14, November–December, 2009.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Matynia, A., Delfau, J.L., Pillier, L. et al. Comparative study of the influence of CO2 and H2O on the chemical structure of lean and rich methane-air flames at atmospheric pressure. Combust Explos Shock Waves 45, 635–645 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10573-009-0078-5
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10573-009-0078-5