Abstract
The research reported in this paper demonstrates that the capacity of cotton fibres to adsorb cationic surfactants as well as the rate of the adsorption process can be increased by adsorbing carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) onto the fibre surfaces; in addition, the adsorption can be restricted to the fibre surface. CMC was deposited by means of adsorption from an aqueous solution. The adsorption of N-cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) from an aqueous solution onto the CMC-modified fibres was measured using UV-spectrometric determination of the surfactant concentration in the solution. Adsorption onto the cotton fibres was studied in a weakly basic environment (pH 8.5) where cotton fibres are negatively charged and the CPC ion is positively charged. Modification of the fibres by adsorption of CMC introduces new carboxyl groups onto the fibre surfaces, thereby increasing the adsorption capacity of the fibres for CPC. The initial rate of adsorption of CPC increased proportionally with the amount of charge; however, this rate slowed down at high degrees of coverage on fibres with a high charge. The adsorption of cationic surfactant to the anionic surface groups was stoichiometric, with no indication of multilayer or admicelle formation. It was evident that the acidic group content of the fibres was the primary factor determining cationic surfactant adsorption to these fibres.
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Abbreviations
- CMC:
-
Carboxymethyl cellulose
- CPC:
-
Cetylpyridinium chloride
- c.m.c.:
-
Critical micelle concentration
- a :
-
Fibre radius
- A 0 :
-
Absorbance at the start of the experiment
- A eq :
-
Absorbance at equilibrium time
- A t :
-
Absorbance of bath at time t
- c :
-
Concentration of absorbing species
- c eq :
-
Concentration of surfactant at equilibrium time
- c F :
-
Equilibrium uptake of surfactant
- c t :
-
Concentration of surfactant in the fibre at time t
- D :
-
Diffusion coefficient
- d e :
-
Degree of exhaustion
- D ha :
-
Diffusion coefficient determined from the half-adsorption time
- D sr :
-
Diffusion coefficient calculated according to the square root law equation
- k :
-
Absorbance coefficient
- K :
-
Slope of the curve \(c_{t}/c_{\rm eq=}\hbox{f}(\sqrt{t})\)
- l :
-
thickness of sample
- M :
-
Molar mass of surfactant
- \(\bar{M}_w\) :
-
average molecular weight
- m fibre :
-
Mass of fibres
- m sur :
-
Mass of surfactant
- t ½ :
-
Half-adsorption time
- V:
-
Solution volume
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Fras-Zemljič, L., Stenius, P., Laine, J. et al. The effect of adsorbed carboxymethyl cellulose on the cotton fibre adsorption capacity for surfactant. Cellulose 13, 655–663 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-006-9071-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-006-9071-2