Abstract
The paper investigates the applicability of current direct displacement based seismic design (DDBD) procedure, developed by Priestley and his coworkers, for straight long span bridges under transverse seismic excitation synchronous to all supports. This category of bridges often possess some additional features such as massive tall piers, highly irregular distribution of mass and stiffness due to unequal superstructure spans and pier heights, large deformation capacity etc. that are absent in short-to-moderate span bridges for which DDBD has extensively been verified. It is shown that DDBD in its current form is unable to capture both displacement and base shear demand when compared with nonlinear dynamic analysis results. Accordingly, a simple mechanics based extension of the current procedure that takes into account the effect of pier mass while computing base shear demand as well as a modal combination rule for estimating displacement demand is proposed and validated using a series of parametric studies. The new procedure also allows engineer to allocate strength at the potential plastic hinge location in more general terms.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
Adhikari G (2007) Direct displacement based design: long span bridges with/without in-plane movement joint. Masters dissertation, European school for advanced studies in reduction of seismic risk (ROSE School), University of Pavia, Italy
Alvarez Botero JC (2004) Displacement-based design of continuous concrete bridges under transverse seismic excitation. Masters dissertation, European school for advanced studies in reduction of seismic risk (ROSE School), University of Pavia, Italy
Aschheim MA, Black EF (2000) Yield point spectra for seismic design and rehabilitation. Earthq Spectra 16(2): 317–336
ATC (1996) Seismic Evaluation and Retrofit of Concrete Buildings ATC-40. Report No SSC 96-0. Applied technology council/Seismic safety commission, Redwood City, CA
ATC/MCEER (1999) Comprehensive specification for the seismic design of bridges. NCHRP Project 12-49. Applied technology council/multidisciplinary center for earthquake engineering research
Browning JP (2001) Proportioning of earthquake-resistant RC building structures. J Struct Eng 127(2): 145–151
BSSC (1997) NEHRP guidelines for the seismic rehabilitation of buildings, Federal Emergency Management Agency, Washington, D.C., Publication 273
Calvi GM, Kingsley GR (1995) Displacement-based seismic design of multi-degree-of-freedom bridge structures. Earthq Eng Struct Dyn 24: 1247–1266
CEN (Comité Europeen de Normalization): (2004) Eurocode 8: design of structures for earthquake resistance—part 1: general rules, seismic actions and rules for buildings. CEN, Brussels
CEN (Comité Europeen de Normalization): (2005) Eurocode 8: design of structures for earthquake resistance—part 2: bridges. CEN, Brussels
Dwairi H, Kowalsky MJ (2006) Implementation of inelastic displacement patterns in direct displacement-based design of continuous bridge structures. Earthq Spectra 22(3): 631–662
Freeman SA (1998) The capacity spectrum method as a tool for seismic design. In: 11th European conference on earthquake engineering, Paris, France
Grant DN, Blandon CA, Priestley MJN (2004) Modeling inelastic response in direct displacement-based design. Report No. ROSE 2004/02, IUSS Press, Pavia, Italy
Kowalsky MJ (2002) A displacement-based design approach for the seismic design of continuous concrete bridges. Earthq Eng Struct Dyn 31: 719–747
Moehle JP (1992) Displacement-based design of RC structures subjected to earthquakes. Earthq Spectra 8(3): 403–428
OpenSees (2006) Open system for earthquake engineering simulation. Available via http://opensees.berkeley.edu. Accessed 30 Oct 2006
Ortiz Restrepo JC (2006) Displacement-based design of continuous concrete bridges under transverse seismic excitation. Masters dissertation, European school for advanced studies in reduction of seismic risk (ROSE School), University of Pavia, Italy
Panagiatakos TB, Fardis MN (1999) Deformation-controlled earthquake-resistant design of RC buildings. J Earthq Eng 3(4): 498–518
Priestley MJN (2003) Myths and fallacies in earthquake engineering, Revisited. The Mallet Milne Lecture. IUSS Press, Pavia, Italy
Priestley MJN, Calvi GM (2003) Direct displacement based seismic design of concrete bridges. In: Vth international conference of seismic bridge design and retrofit for earthquake resistance, ACI international conference, La Jolla, California
Priestley MJN, Seible F, Calvi GM (1996) Seismic Design and Retrofit of Bridges. 1. Wiley, New York
Priestley MJN, Calvi GM, Kowalsky MJ (2007) Direct displacement-based design of structures. IUSS Press, Pavia, Italy
Shibata A, Sozen M (1976) Substitute structure method for seismic design in reinforced concrete. J Struct Eng 102(12): 3548–3566
Sullivan T (2003) The limitations and performances of different displacement based design methods. J Earthq Eng 7(1): 201–241
Uang CM (1991) Establishing R (or Rw) and Cd Factors for Building Seismic Provisions. J Struct Eng 117(1): 19–28
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Adhikari, G., Petrini, L. & Calvi, G.M. Application of direct displacement based design to long span bridges. Bull Earthquake Eng 8, 897–919 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-010-9173-y
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-010-9173-y