Abstract
Host-specific AAL-toxins and mycotoxin fumonisins are structurally related and were originally isolated from the tomato pathotype of Alternaria alternata and from Fusarium verticillioides, respectively. Previous reports on the production of fumonisin derivatives by the tomato pathotype suggested a possible involvement in the pathogenicity of the pathogen. Here, we have evaluated the role of fumonisin in A. alternata–tomato interactions. The results indicate that highly pathogenic isolates of A. alternata tomato pathotype produce AAL-toxin as the sole toxin, strongly implicating it as a pathogenicity factor. The related compound, fumonisin, is also toxigenic and has infection-inducing activity on susceptible tomato plants.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
H Akamatsu Y Itoh M Kodama H Otani K Kohmoto (1997) ArticleTitleAAL-toxin deficient mutants of Alternaria alternata tomato pathotype by restriction enzyme-mediated integration Phytopathology 87 967–972 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXmtVGntbY%3D Occurrence Handle18945069
Akamatsu H, Otani H, Kodama M (2003) Characterization of a gene cluster for host-specific AAL-toxin biosynthesis in the tomato pathotype of Alternaria alternata. Abstracts of the 22nd Fungal Genetics Conference, Asilomar, CA, USA, 2003, p 121
SC Bezuidenhout WCA Gelderblom CP Gorst-Allman RM Horak WFO Marasas G Spiteller R Vleggaar (1988) ArticleTitleStructure elucidation the fumonisins, mycotoxins from Fusarium moniliforme J Chem Soc Chem Commun 1988 743–745 Occurrence Handle10.1039/c39880000743
BF Brandwagt LA Mesbah FLW Takken PL Laurent TJA Kneppers J Hille HJJ Nijkamp (2000) ArticleTitleA longevity assurance gene homolog of tomato mediates resistance to Alternaria alternata f. sp. lycopersici toxins and fumonisin B1 Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 97 4961–4966 Occurrence Handle10781105 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXivFKisrY%3D Occurrence Handle10.1073/pnas.97.9.4961
J Chen CJ Mirocha W Xie L Hogge D Oison (1992) ArticleTitleProducion of the mycotoxin fumonisin B1 by Alternaria alternata f. sp. lycopersici and AAL-toxin Phytopathology 77 80–82
AE Desjardins GP Munkvold RD Plattner RH Proctor (2002) ArticleTitleFUM1—a gene required for fumonisin biosynthesis but not for maize ear rot and ear infection by Gibberella moniliformis in field tests Mol Plant Microbe Interact 15 1157–1164 Occurrence Handle12423021 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XosVGru7c%3D
J Fotso JF Leslie JS Smith (2002) ArticleTitleProduction of beauvericin, moniliformin, fusaproliferin, and fumonisin B1, B2, and B3 by fifteen ex-type strains of Fusarium species Appl Environ Microbiol 68 5195–5197 Occurrence Handle12324376 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XnvFCks7o%3D Occurrence Handle10.1128/AEM.68.10.5195-5197.2002
DG Gilchrist RG Grogan (1976) ArticleTitleProduction and nature of a host-specific toxin from Alternaria alternata f. sp. lycopersici Phytopathology 66 165–171 Occurrence Handle10.1094/Phyto-66-165
DG Gilchrist H Wang RM Bostock (1995) ArticleTitleSphingosine-related mycotoxins in plant and animal disease Can J Bot 73 S459–S467 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK28XhvFCn
M Kodama H Otani K Kohmoto (1995) ArticleTitleA rapid and sensitive procedure for the quantitative detection of AL-toxin by fluorescence derivatization and separation by high performance liquid chromatography Ann Phytopathol Soc Jpn 61 477–480 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXpslSrsLs%3D
K Kohmoto H Otani M Kodama S Nishimura (1989) Host recognition: can accessibility to fungal invasion be induced by host-specific toxins without necessitating necrotic cell death? A Graniti RD Durbin A Ballio (Eds) Phytotoxins and plant pathogenesis Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York 249–265
JE Markham J Hille (2001) ArticleTitleHost-selective toxins as agents of cell death in plant–fungus interactions Mol Plant Pathol 2 229–239 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXnvVGjt7g%3D Occurrence Handle10.1046/j.1464-6722.2001.00066.x
CJ Mirocha DG Gilchrist WT Shier HK Abbas Y Wen RF Vesonder (1992) ArticleTitleAAL toxins, fumonisins (biology and chemistry) and host-specificity concepts Mycopathologia 117 47–56 Occurrence Handle1513374 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK38XksVWqt7k%3D Occurrence Handle10.1007/BF00497278
CJ Mirocha J Chen W Xie Y Xu HK Abbas LR Hogge (1996) Biosynthesis of fumonisin and AAL derivatives by Alternaria and Fusarium in laboratory culture LS Jackson JW DeVries LB Bullerman (Eds) Fumonisins in food Plenum New York 213–224
H Otani K Kohmoto M Kodama (1995) ArticleTitleAlternaria toxins and their effects on host plant Can J Bot 73 S453–S458 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK28XhvFCg
H Otani A Kohnobe M Kodama K Kohmoto (1998) ArticleTitleProduction of a host-specific toxin by germinating spores of Alternaria brassicicola Physiol Mol Plant Pathol 52 285–295 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXlvVChsrs%3D Occurrence Handle10.1006/pmpp.1998.0147
TL Peever G Su L Carpenter-Boggs LW Timmer (2004) ArticleTitleMolecular systematics of citrus-associated Alternaria species Mycologia 96 119–134 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXislOgsrY%3D
RH Proctor AE Desjardins RD Plattner TM Hohn (1999) ArticleTitleA polyketide synthase gene required for biosynthesis of fumonisin mycotoxins in Gibberella fujikuroi mating population A Fungal Genet Biol 27 100–112 Occurrence Handle10413619 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXksVOju7g%3D Occurrence Handle10.1006/fgbi.1999.1141
RH Proctor DW Brown RD Plattner AE Desjardins (2003) ArticleTitleCo-expression of 15 contiguous genes delineates a fumonisin biosynthetic gene cluster in Gibberella moniliformis Fungal Genet Biol 38 237–249 Occurrence Handle12620260 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXhs1CgsL4%3D Occurrence Handle10.1016/S1087-1845(02)00525-X
JP Rheeder WFO Marasas HF Vismer (2002) ArticleTitleProduction of fumonisin analogs by Fusarium species Appl Environ Microbiol 68 2101–2105 Occurrence Handle11976077 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XjsFGqsLY%3D Occurrence Handle10.1128/AEM.68.5.2101-2105.2002
J Sambrook EF Fritsch TA Maniatis (1989) Molecular cloning: a laboratory manual, 2nd edn Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor NY
SD Spassieva JE Markham J Hille (2002) ArticleTitleThe plant disease resistance gene Asc-1 prevents disruption of sphingolipid metabolism during AAL-toxin-induced programmed cell death Plant J 32 561–572 Occurrence Handle12445127 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38Xps1Kru7o%3D Occurrence Handle10.1046/j.1365-313X.2002.01444.x
H Wang J Li RM Bostock DG Gilchrist (1996) ArticleTitleApoptosis: a functional paradigm for programmed plant cell death induced by a host-selective phytotoxin and invoked during development Plant Cell 8 375–391 Occurrence Handle12239387 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK28XitVKmtL0%3D Occurrence Handle10.1105/tpc.8.3.375
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Yamagishi, D., Akamatsu, H., Otani, H. et al. Pathological evaluation of host-specific AAL-toxins and fumonisin mycotoxins produced by Alternaria and Fusarium species. J Gen Plant Pathol 72, 323–327 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10327-006-0291-y
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10327-006-0291-y