Abstract
Gastric cancer is the second most common fatal malignancy in the world. Its incidence is high in East Asia. Helicobacter pylori infection is an important factor in the pathogenesis of gastric cancer. Epidemiological studies have established a strong causal relationship between H. pylori infection and gastric cancer. H. pylori eradication is therefore likely to be one of the most promising approaches to gastric cancer prevention. Animal studies have shown that eradication of H. pylori infection, especially at the early stage, is effective in preventing H. pylori-related gastric carcinogenesis. However, the available data from human studies show that H. pylori eradication does not completely prevent gastric cancer and that it might be useful only in patients without atrophic gastritis or intestinal metaplasia at baseline. Longer follow-up and additional studies are needed to clarify this issue.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
CJ Murray AD Lopez (1997) ArticleTitleMortality by cause for eight regions of the world: Global Burden of Disease Study Lancet 349 1269–76 Occurrence Handle9142060 Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0140-6736(96)07493-4 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK2s3os12lug%3D%3D
P Pisani F Bray DM Parkin (2002) ArticleTitleEstimates of the world-wide prevalence of cancer for 25 sites in the adult population Int J Cancer 97 72–81 Occurrence Handle11774246 Occurrence Handle10.1002/ijc.1571 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXovFKrurk%3D
J Ferlay F Bray P Pisani D Parkin (2001) Globocan 2000: Cancer incidence, mortality, and prevalence worldwide. Version 1.0. IARC Cancer Base No. 5 IARC Press Lyon
BC Wong SK Lam CK Ching WH Hu E Kwok J Ho et al. (1999) ArticleTitleDifferential Helicobacter pylori infection rates in two contrasting gastric cancer risk regions of South China. China Gastric Cancer Study Group J Gastroenterol Hepatol 14 120–5 Occurrence Handle10029291 Occurrence Handle10.1046/j.1440-1746.1999.01823.x Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK1M7ltFOnuw%3D%3D
GD Eslick LL Lim JE Byles HH Xia NJ Talley (1999) ArticleTitleAssociation of Helicobacter pylori infection with gastric carcinoma: a meta-analysis Am J Gastroenterol 94 2373–9 Occurrence Handle10483994 Occurrence Handle10.1111/j.1572-0241.1999.01360.x Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK1MvhtFOqtw%3D%3D
P Limburg Y Qiao S Mark G Wang G Perez-Perez M Blaser et al. (2001) ArticleTitle Helicobacter pylori seropositivity and subsite-specific gastric cancer risks in Linxian, China J Natl Cancer Inst 93 226–33 Occurrence Handle11158192 Occurrence Handle10.1093/jnci/93.3.226 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BD3M7ot1Kgsw%3D%3D
EM El-Omar K Oien LS Murray A El-Nujumi A Wirz D Gillen et al. (2000) ArticleTitleIncreased prevalence of precancerous changes in relatives of gastric cancer patients: critical role of H. pylori Gastroenterology 118 22–30 Occurrence Handle10611150 Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0016-5085(00)70410-0 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BD3c%2FnvFWitA%3D%3D
N Uemura S Okamoto S Yamamoto N Matsumura S Yamaguchi M Yamakido et al. (2001) ArticleTitle Helicobacter pylori infection and the development of gastric cancer N Engl J Med 345 784–9 Occurrence Handle11556297 Occurrence Handle10.1056/NEJMoa001999 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BD3MrgslCqtA%3D%3D
H Brenner G Bode H Boeing (2000) ArticleTitle Helicobacter pylori infection among offspring of patients with stomach cancer Gastroenterology 118 31–5 Occurrence Handle10611151 Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0016-5085(00)70411-2 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BD3c%2FnvFWitQ%3D%3D
T Watanabe M Tada H Nagai S Sasaki M Nakao (1998) ArticleTitle Helicobacter pylori infection induces gastric cancer in Mongolian gerbils Gastroenterology 115 642–8 Occurrence Handle9721161 Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0016-5085(98)70143-X Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK1czoslynsA%3D%3D
International Agency for Research on Cancer. Schistosomes, liver flukes and Helicobacter pylori. In: IARC monographs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks to humans. IARC Monograph 1994;61:177–241
P Correa (1992) ArticleTitleHuman gastric carcinogenesis: a multistep and multifactorial process—first American Cancer Society award lecture on cancer epidemiology and prevention Cancer Res 52 6735–40 Occurrence Handle1458460 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK3sXjs1Orsw%3D%3D
HH Xia JS Kalantar NJ Talley JM Wyatt S Adams K Chueng et al. (2000) ArticleTitleAntral-type mucosa in the gastric incisura, body, and fundus (antralization): a link between Helicobacter pylori infection and intestinal metaplasia? Am J Gastroenterol 95 114–21 Occurrence Handle10638568 Occurrence Handle10.1111/j.1572-0241.2000.01609.x Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BD3c7gt1WjtA%3D%3D
HH Xia GS Zhang NJ Talley BC Wong Y Yang C Henwood et al. (2002) ArticleTitleTopographic association of gastric epithelial expression of Ki-67, Bax, and Bcl-2 with antralization in the gastric incisura, body, and fundus Am J Gastroenterol 97 3023–31 Occurrence Handle12492185 Occurrence Handle10.1111/j.1572-0241.2002.07120.x Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXhtl2rsA%3D%3D
HH Xia Y Yang SK Lam WM Wong SY Leung ST Yuen et al. (2004) ArticleTitleAberrant epithelial expression of trefoil family factor 2 and mucin 6 in Helicobacter pylori infected gastric antrum, incisura, and body and its association with antralisation J Clin Pathol 57 861–6 Occurrence Handle15280409 Occurrence Handle10.1136/jcp.2003.015487 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXnsVagtLk%3D
CJ Schorah GM Sobala M Sanderson N Collis JN Primrose (1991) ArticleTitleGastric juice ascorbic acid: effects of disease and implications for gastric carcinogenesis Am J Clin Nutr 53 IssueID1 Suppl 287S–93S Occurrence Handle1985400 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK3M%2FptVShug%3D%3D
S Banerjee C Hawksby S Miller S Dahill AD Beattie KE McColl (1994) ArticleTitleEffect of Helicobacter pylori and its eradication on gastric juice ascorbic acid Gut 35 317–22 Occurrence Handle8150339 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK2c3gtVKmtw%3D%3D
ZW Zhang SE Patchett D Perrett P Domizio MJ Farthing (2000) ArticleTitleGastric alpha-tocopherol and beta-carotene concentrations in association with Helicobacter pylori infection Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 12 497–503 Occurrence Handle10833091 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXjvVemtrY%3D Occurrence Handle10.1097/00042737-200012050-00004
GR Davies NJ Simmonds TR Stevens MT Sheaff N Banatvala IF Laurenson et al. (1994) ArticleTitleHelicobacter pylori stimulates antral mucosal reactive oxygen metabolite production in vivo Gut 35 179–85 Occurrence Handle8307467 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK2c7ktVagsw%3D%3D
HH Xia BC Wong (2003) ArticleTitleNitric oxide in Helicobacter pylori-induced apoptosis and its significance in gastric carcinogenesis J Gastroenterol Hepatol 18 1227–30 Occurrence Handle14535977 Occurrence Handle10.1046/j.1440-1746.2003.03147.x
HH Xia (1998) ArticleTitleAssociation between Helicobacter pylori and gastric cancer: current knowledge and future research World J Gastroenterol 4 93–6
NL Jones PT Shannon E Cutz H Yeger PM Sherman (1997) ArticleTitleIncrease in proliferation and apoptosis of gastric epithelial cells early in the natural history of Helicobacter pylori infection Am J Pathol 151 1695–703 Occurrence Handle9403720 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK1c%2FmsF2kug%3D%3D
RJ Cahill H Xia C Kilgallen S Beattie H Hamilton C O'Morain (1995) ArticleTitleEffect of eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection on gastric epithelial cell proliferation Dig Dis Sci 40 1627–31 Occurrence Handle7648960 Occurrence Handle10.1007/BF02212681 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK2MznslSltQ%3D%3D
SF Moss J Calam B Agarwal S Wang PR Holt (1996) ArticleTitleInduction of gastric epithelial apoptosis by Helicobacter pylori Gut 38 498–501 Occurrence Handle8707076 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK28zjslWntA%3D%3D
Y Yang CS Deng JZ Peng BC Wong SK Lam HH Xia (2003) ArticleTitleEffect of Helicobacter pylori on apoptosis and apoptosis related genes in gastric cancer cells Mol Pathol 56 19–24 Occurrence Handle12560457 Occurrence Handle10.1136/mp.56.1.19 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXhs1yntr8%3D
HH Xia BC Yu Wong NJ Talley SK Lam (2002) ArticleTitleAlternative and rescue treatment regimens for Helicobacter pylori eradication Expert Opin Pharmacother 3 1301–11 Occurrence Handle12186623 Occurrence Handle10.1517/14656566.3.9.1301 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XmvF2mtLg%3D
J Parsonnet RA Harris HM Hack DK Owens (1996) ArticleTitleModelling cost-effectiveness of Helicobacter pylori screening to prevent gastric cancer: a mandate for clinical trials Lancet 348 150–4 Occurrence Handle8684154 Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0140-6736(96)01501-2 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK283psFaqtw%3D%3D
AM Fendrick ME Chernew RA Hirth BS Bloom RR Bandekar JM Scheiman (1999) ArticleTitleClinical and economic effects of population-based Helicobacter pylori screening to prevent gastric cancer Arch Intern Med 159 142–8 Occurrence Handle9927096 Occurrence Handle10.1001/archinte.159.2.142 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK1M7isVartA%3D%3D
P Roderick R Davies J Raftery D Crabbe R Pearce P Patel et al. (2003) ArticleTitleCost-effectiveness of population screening for Helicobacter pylori in preventing gastric cancer and peptic ulcer disease, using simulation J Med Screen 10 148–56 Occurrence Handle14561268 Occurrence Handle10.1258/096914103769011067 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BD3svotlGlsw%3D%3D
RM Genta GM Lew DY Graham (1993) ArticleTitleChanges in the gastric mucosa following eradication of Helicobacter pylori Mod Pathol 6 281–9 Occurrence Handle8346176 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK3szkvVWmsA%3D%3D
EM Witteman M Mravunac MJ Becx WP Hopman JS Verschoor GN Tytgat et al. (1995) ArticleTitleImprovement of gastric inflammation and resolution of epithelial damage one year after eradication of Helicobacter pylori J Clin Pathol 48 250–6 Occurrence Handle7730488 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK2M3ksl2hug%3D%3D
GM Forbes JR Warren ME Glaser DJ Cullen BJ Marshall BJ Collins (1996) ArticleTitleLong-term follow-up of gastric histology after Helicobacter pylori eradication J Gastroenterol Hepatol 11 670–3 Occurrence Handle8840244 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK28vjslGqtQ%3D%3D
J Ciok J Dzieniszewski C Lucer (1997) ArticleTitleHelicobacter pylori eradication and antral intestinal metaplasia—two years follow-up study J Physiol Pharmacol 48 IssueIDSuppl 4 115–22 Occurrence Handle9440062
RW van der Hulst A van der Ende FW Dekker FJ Ten Kate JF Weel JJ Keller et al. (1997) ArticleTitleEffect of Helicobacter pylori eradication on gastritis in relation to cagA: a prospective 1-year follow-up study Gastroenterology 113 25–30 Occurrence Handle9207258 Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0016-5085(97)70076-3 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK2szltVyrsA%3D%3D
N Uemura T Mukai S Okamoto S Yamaguchi H Mashiba K Taniyama et al. (1997) ArticleTitleEffect of Helicobacter pylori eradication on subsequent development of cancer after endoscopic resection of early gastric cancer Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 6 639–42 Occurrence Handle9264278 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK2svgslGhuw%3D%3D
A Tucci L Poli C Tosetti G Biasco W Grigioni O Varoli et al. (1998) ArticleTitleReversal of fundic atrophy after eradication of Helicobacter pylori Am J Gastroenterol 93 1425–31 Occurrence Handle9732919 Occurrence Handle10.1111/j.1572-0241.1998.00454.x Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK1cvgtFOmtw%3D%3D
K Satoh K Kimura T Takimoto K Kihira (1998) ArticleTitleA follow-up study of atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia after eradication of Helicobacter pylori Helicobacter 3 236–40 Occurrence Handle9844064 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK1M%2Fmt1Smsw%3D%3D
B Tepes B Kavcic LK Zaletel M Gubina A Ihan M Poljak et al. (1999) ArticleTitleTwo- to four-year histological follow-up of gastric mucosa after Helicobacter pylori eradication J Pathol 188 24–9 Occurrence Handle10398136 Occurrence Handle10.1002/(SICI)1096-9896(199905)188:1<24::AID-PATH316>3.0.CO;2-F Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK1MzlvFGltQ%3D%3D
J Kyzekova J Mour (1999) ArticleTitleThe effect of eradication therapy on histological changes in the gastric mucosa in patients with non-ulcer dyspepsia and Helicobacter pylori infection. Prospective randomized intervention study Hepatogastroenterology 46 2048–56 Occurrence Handle10430396 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXkvFKhu7w%3D
B Annibale MR Aprile G D'Ambra P Caruana C Bordi G Delle Fave (2000) ArticleTitleCure of Helicobacter pylori infection in atrophic body gastritis patients does not improve mucosal atrophy but reduces hypergastrinemia and its related effects on body ECL-cell hyperplasia Aliment Pharmacol Ther 14 625–34 Occurrence Handle10792127 Occurrence Handle10.1046/j.1365-2036.2000.00752.x Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BD3c3lt1OgsQ%3D%3D
JJ Sung SR Lin JY Ching LY Zhou KF To RT Wang et al. (2000) ArticleTitleAtrophy and intestinal metaplasia one year after cure of H. pylori infection: a prospective, randomized study Gastroenterology 119 7–14 Occurrence Handle10889149 Occurrence Handle10.1053/gast.2000.8550 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BD3czkvFCjug%3D%3D
P Correa ET Fontham JC Bravo LE Bravo B Ruiz G Zarama et al. (2000) ArticleTitleChemoprevention of gastric dysplasia: randomized trial of antioxidant supplements and anti-Helicobacter pylori therapy J Natl Cancer Inst 92 1881–8 Occurrence Handle11106679 Occurrence Handle10.1093/jnci/92.23.1881 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXptVehu7s%3D
N Kim SH Lim KH Lee SE Choi HC Jung IS Song et al. (2000) ArticleTitleLong-term effects of Helicobacter pylori eradication on intestinal metaplasia in patients with duodenal and benign gastric ulcers Dig Dis Sci 45 1754–62 Occurrence Handle11052316 Occurrence Handle10.1023/A:1005534328511 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BD3crgtlOltA%3D%3D
PI Hsu KH Lai HH Tseng CK Lin GH Lo JS Cheng et al. (2000) ArticleTitleImpact of Helicobacter pylori eradication on the development of MALT, gland atrophy and intestinal metaplasia of the antrum Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi (Taipei) 63 279–87 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BD3c3otVGnsw%3D%3D
T Ohkusa K Fujiki I Takashimizu J Kumagai T Tanizawa Y Eishi et al. (2001) ArticleTitleImprovement in atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia in patients in whom Helicobacter pylori was eradicated Ann Intern Med 134 380–6 Occurrence Handle11242498 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BD3M7lt1ehtw%3D%3D
B Ruiz J Garay P Correa ET Fontham JC Bravo LE Bravo et al. (2001) ArticleTitleMorphometric evaluation of gastric antral atrophy: improvement after cure of Helicobacter pylori infection Am J Gastroenterol 96 3281–7 Occurrence Handle11774937 Occurrence Handle10.1111/j.1572-0241.2001.05326.x Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BD38%2FkslaqtQ%3D%3D
A Kokkola P Sipponen H Rautelin M Harkonen TU Kosunen R Haapiainen et al. (2002) ArticleTitleThe effect of Helicobacter pylori eradication on the natural course of atrophic gastritis with dysplasia Aliment Pharmacol Ther 16 515–20 Occurrence Handle11876705 Occurrence Handle10.1046/j.1365-2036.2002.01214.x Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BD387nvVSlsA%3D%3D
M Ito K Haruma T Kamada M Mihara S Kim Y Kitadai et al. (2002) ArticleTitle Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy improves atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia: a 5-year prospective study of patients with atrophic gastritis Aliment Pharmacol Ther 16 1449–56 Occurrence Handle12182744 Occurrence Handle10.1046/j.1365-2036.2002.01311.x Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XnsVSktrY%3D
L Zhou JJ Sung S Lin Z Jin S Ding X Huang et al. (2003) ArticleTitleA five-year follow-up study on the pathological changes of gastric mucosa after H. pylori eradication Chin Med J (Engl) 116 11–4
T Kamada K Haruma J Hata H Kusunoki A Sasaki M Ito et al. (2003) ArticleTitleThe long-term effect of Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy on symptoms in dyspeptic patients with fundic atrophic gastritis Aliment Pharmacol Ther 18 245–52 Occurrence Handle12869086 Occurrence Handle10.1046/j.1365-2036.2003.01669.x Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BD3szjs1yntQ%3D%3D
WK Leung SR Lin JY Ching KF To EK Ng FK Chan et al. (2004) ArticleTitleFactors predicting progression of gastric intestinal metaplasia: results of a randomised trial on Helicobacter pylori eradication Gut 53 1244–9 Occurrence Handle15306578 Occurrence Handle10.1136/gut.2003.034629 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BD2cvgt1Cmuw%3D%3D
C Ley A Mohar J Guarner R Herrera-Goepfert LS Figueroa D Halperin et al. (2004) ArticleTitleHelicobacter pylori eradication and gastric preneoplastic conditions: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 13 4–10 Occurrence Handle14744726 Occurrence Handle10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-03-0124 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXmsVWgtQ%3D%3D
EJ Kuipers GF Nelis EC Klinkenberg-Knol P Snel D Goldfain JJ Kolkman et al. (2004) ArticleTitleCure of Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with reflux oesophagitis treated with long term omeprazole reverses gastritis without exacerbation of reflux disease: results of a randomised controlled trial Gut 53 12–20 Occurrence Handle14684569 Occurrence Handle10.1136/gut.53.1.12 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXptlKrtA%3D%3D
R Mera ET Fontham LE Bravo JC Bravo MB Piazuelo MC Camargo et al. (2005) ArticleTitleLong term follow up of patients treated for Helicobacter pylori infection Gut 54 1536–40 Occurrence Handle15985559 Occurrence Handle10.1136/gut.2005.072009 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BD2MrltVejtA%3D%3D
MF Dixon (2001) ArticleTitleProspects for intervention in gastric carcinogenesis: reversibility of gastric atrophy and intestinal metaplasia Gut 49 2–4 Occurrence Handle11413099 Occurrence Handle10.1136/gut.49.1.2 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BD3MzkvFOnsw%3D%3D
BC Wong SK Lam WM Wong JS Chen TT Zheng RE Feng et al. (2004) ArticleTitleHelicobacter pylori eradication to prevent gastric cancer in a high-risk region of China: a randomized controlled trial JAMA 291 187–94 Occurrence Handle14722144 Occurrence Handle10.1001/jama.291.2.187 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXkvVCjuw%3D%3D
S Take M Mizuno K Ishiki Y Nagahara T Yoshida K Yokota et al. (2005) ArticleTitleThe effect of eradicating Helicobacter pylori on the development of gastric cancer in patients with peptic ulcer disease Am J Gastroenterol 100 1037–42 Occurrence Handle15842576 Occurrence Handle10.1111/j.1572-0241.2005.41384.x
K Nozaki N Shimizu Y Ikehara M Inoue T Tsukamoto K Inada et al. (2003) ArticleTitleEffect of early eradication on Helicobacter pylori-related gastric carcinogenesis in Mongolian gerbils Cancer Sci 94 235–9 Occurrence Handle12824915 Occurrence Handle10.1111/j.1349-7006.2003.tb01426.x Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXktVCqs7g%3D
X Cai J Carlson C Stoicov H Li TC Wang J Houghton (2005) ArticleTitle Helicobacter felis eradication restores normal architecture and inhibits gastric cancer progression in C57BL/6 mice Gastroenterology 128 1937–52 Occurrence Handle15940628 Occurrence Handle10.1053/j.gastro.2005.02.066 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXlvFKlsbg%3D
P Michetti AM Svennerholm (2003) ArticleTitle Helicobacter pylori—inflammation, immunity and vaccines Helicobacter 8 IssueIDSuppl 1 31–5 Occurrence Handle14617215 Occurrence Handle10.1046/j.1523-5378.2003.00164.x Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXpsVSkt7g%3D
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Cheung, T., Xia, H. & Wong, B. Helicobacter pylori eradication for gastric cancer prevention. J Gastroenterol 42 (Suppl 17), 10–15 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00535-006-1939-2
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00535-006-1939-2