Zusammenfassung
John Heysham Gibbon kam 1930 während der Überwachung einer Patientin mit einer Lungenembolie auf die Idee, eine Maschine zur Umgehung des Lungenkreislaufes zu konstruieren, um eine operative Lungenembolektomie zu erleichtern. Mit einem ersten Modell einer Herz-Lungen-Maschine begann er 1934 mit der Assistenz seiner späteren Ehefrau Mary Hopkinson mit ersten Perfusionsexperimenten bei Katzen. Schon ein Jahr später gelang es einen totalen kardiopulmonalen Bypass über einen Zeitraum von 35 min mit dem anschließenden Überleben des Versuchstieres zu verbinden. Nach Weiterentwicklung und Verbesserung der Perfusionsapparatur infolge der Unterstützung durch das Unternehmen International Business Machines (IBM) konnte schließlich am 6. Mai 1953 erstmals erfolgreich ein Vorhofseptumdefekt mit Hilfe des kardiopulmonalen Bypass unter Sicht verschlossen werden.
Summary
In 1930 while taking care of a female patient with a pulmonary embolism the idea occurred to John Heysham Gibbon Jr. to develop a machine to bypass the pulmonary circulation and make a surgical pulmonary embolectomy feasible. In 1934 he started with initial perfusion experiments in cats using his first heart-lung machine with the assistance of Mary Hopkinson, his future wife. Only one year later they were able to perform a cardiopulmonary bypass procedure lasting 35 min with the survival of the experimental animal. After improvements and further development of the perfusion apparatus with the engineering support of the company International Business Machines (IBM), an atrial septal defect was successfully closed under surgical vision with the help of cardiopulmonary bypass on May 6, 1953.
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Böttcher, W., Woysch, H. Die erste erfolgreiche herzchirurgische Operation mit Hilfe der Herz-Lungen-Maschine. Z Herz- Thorax- Gefäßchir 20, 248–260 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00398-006-0551-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00398-006-0551-3