Abstract.
Boron concentrations of the CO2-rich thermal waters in western Anatolia have a wide range of 1–63 mg/l. Cl/B molal ratios of high temperature waters (>150 °C) have low values ranging from 1 to 10. In low-temperature thermal waters (<150 °C), with the exception of samples that have some seawater, Cl/B ratios range from 2 to 88. The positive correlation between HCO3 and B values for thermal waters means that B concentrations in thermal waters are also associated with the dissolution of carbonates. In addition to the water–rock interaction, boron in thermal waters is probably controlled by the contribution of B by degassing of magma intrusives. Sericite, illite and tourmaline minerals, which are abundant in Menderes Massif rocks, are considered to be the main reason for the high boron contents. High B concentrations of thermal waters causes environmental problems in groundwaters and surface waters in some agricultural areas of western Anatolia. Re-injection of thermal waters to the reservoir is the best way to dispose of the geothermal wastewater and prevent contamination problems.
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Gemici, Ü., Tarcan, G. Distribution of boron in thermal waters of western Anatolia, Turkey, and examples of their environmental impacts. Env Geol 43, 87–98 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00254-002-0608-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00254-002-0608-x