Abstract
In this study, a nickel-based superalloy, Waspaloy, was laser heat treated with diode laser. Single laser tracks were manufactured with different laser beam power densities between 63 and 331 kW/cm2, and scanning laser beam speed ranged from 5 to 100 m/min. It was found that laser heat treatment of Waspaloy causes decrease in material hardness—the microhardness in laser tracks is about 300 HV0,1 while the microhardness of substrate is ranged from 300 to 600 HV0,1—which is a positive phenomenon for laser-assisted machining of investigated material. Impacts of laser heat treatment parameters on laser tracks properties were identified for obtaining multiple laser tracks with the most homogenous thickness. Moreover, roughness of heated layers was measured to specify surface quality after laser heat treatment. Multiple laser tracks were produced using different scanning laser beam speed and distances between laser tracks ranged from 0.125 to 1 mm. It was found that if scanning laser beam speed is 75 m/min and distance between laser tracks is equal to or lower than 0.25 mm, in microstructures of multiple laser tracks, cracks are occurring. The most suitable laser heat parameters for obtaining heated layers, and which can be used for laser-assisted machining, were identified as laser beam power density 178.3 kW/cm2, scanning laser beam speed 5 m/min, and distance between laser tracks 0.125 mm.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
Dul I (2013) Application and processing of nickel alloys in the aviation industry. Weld Int 27:48–56
Przestacki D, Jankowiak M (2014) Surface roughness analysis after laser assisted machining of hard to cut materials. J Phys Conf Ser 483(012019):1–7
Yi-feng X., Wen-hu W., et. al. (2016), Surface integrity of milling in-situ TiB2 particle reinforced Al matrix composites. Int J of Refractoty Metels and Hard Mater 54: 407–416
Kunyang L., Wenhu W., et. al. (2017) Grindability and surface integrity of in situ TiB2 particle reinforced aluminum matrix composites. [J] Int J Adv Manuf Technol 88(1): 887–898
Tseng SF, Hsiao WT, Huang KC, Chen MF, Lee CT, Chou CP (2010) Characteristics of Ni-Ir and Pt-Ir hard coatings surface treated by pulsed Nd:YAG laser. Surf Coat Tech 205(7):1979–1984
Rahsepar M, Bahrololoom ME (2009) Study of surface roughness and corrosion performance of Ni/Zn-Fe and Zn-Fe/Ni compositionally modulated multilayer coatings. Surf Coat Tech 204(5):580–585
Razavi RS (2016) Laser beam welding of Waspaloy: characterization and corrosion behavior evaluation. Opt Laser Technol 82:113–120
Kotlan V, Hamar R, Pánek D (2016) Combined heat treatment of metal materials, COMPEL 35. Iss 4:1450–1459
Steen WM (2010) Laser Material Processing:172–219
Bartkowski D, Młynarczak PA, Dudziak B, Gościański M, Bartkowska A (2015) Microstructure, microhardness and corrosion resistance of Stellite-6 coatings reinforced with WC particles using laser cladding. Opt Laser Technol 68:191–201
Przestacki D (2014) Conventional and laser assisted machining of composite A359/20SiCp. Procedia CIRP 14:229–233
Rui-song J., Wang., et. al. (2016),Experimental investigation on machinability of in situ formed TiB2 particles reinforced Al MMCs. J of ManufProce 23: 249–257
Przestacki D, Szymanski P, Wojciechowski S (2016) Formation of surface layer in metal matrix composite A359/20SiCP during laser assisted turning. Composites Part A 91:370–379
Han J, Hao X, Li L, Wu Q, He N (2017) Milling of high volume fraction SiCp/Al composites using PCD tools with different structures of tool edges and grain sizes. J Adv Manuf Technol 1–8
Przestacki D, Chwalczuk T, Wojciechowski S (2017) The study on minimum uncut chip thickness and cutting forces during laser-assisted turning of WC/NiCr clad layers. Int J Adv Manuf Technol. doi:10.1007/s00170-017-0035-5
Chamanfar A, Jahazi M, Gholipour J, Wanjara P, Yue S (2015) Analysis of integrity and microstructure of linear friction welded Waspaloy. Mater Charact 104:149–161
Moat RJ, Pinkerton AJ, Li L, Withers PJ, Preuss M (2009) Crystallographic texture and microstructure of pulsed diode laser-deposited Waspaloy. Acta Mater 57:1220–1229
Mumtaz KA, Erasenthiran P, Hopkinson N (2008) High density selective laser melting of Waspaloy. J Mater Process Technol 195:77–87
Razavi RS (2016) Laser beam welding of Waspaloy: characterization and corrosion behavior evaluation. Opt Laser Technol 82:113–120
Ding H, Shin YC (2013) Improvement of machinability of Waspaloy via laser-assisted machining. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 64:475–486
Davis JR (2010) Heat resistant materials. ASM International 357–369
Tadavani SA, Razavin RS, Vafaei R (2017) Pulsed laser-assisted machining of Inconel 718 superalloy. Opt Laser Technol 87:72–78
Yao-Jian L, Jia L, An L, Xiao-Tong P, Hua-Ming W (2017) Solidification path of single-crystal nickel-based superalloys with minor carbon additions under laser rapid directional solidification conditions. Scripta Mater 127:58–62
Yinghong L., Liucheng Z. et. al. (2013), The strengthening mechanism of a nickel-based alloy after laser shock processing at high temperatures, Sci Technol Adv Mater 14, 055010: 1–9
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.
About this article
Cite this article
Przestacki, D., Kukliński, M. & Bartkowska, A. Influence of laser heat treatment on microstructure and properties of surface layer of Waspaloy aimed for laser-assisted machining. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 93, 3111–3123 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-017-0775-2
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-017-0775-2