Abstract
The cutting mode transition from ductile to brittle is related to the depth of cut for the machining of brittle materials. The critical depth of cut for ductile to brittle transition (DBT) during single-point diamond turning of single-crystal calcium fluoride was examined, and the effect of cutting direction, cutting speed, and tool rake angles were investigated. Results show that the cutting speed had a slight effect on the critical depth of cut for DBT, while negative rake angle tools yielded large critical depth of cut for DBT. The influence of cutting direction (crystallographic orientation) on the critical depth of cut for DBT was associated to fracture toughness (K C) of the materials. Higher K C values induced larger critical depth for DBT. Furthermore, periodic variations of K C values as a function of the crystallographic orientation correlated well with changes in critical depth ranging between 100 and 600 nm. This resulted in the successive emergence of brittle and ductile cutting regions when a nominal depth of cut of 0.5 μm was used, while it led to the formation of a smooth and homogenous surface with R a of 2.838 nm at a nominal depth of cut of 0.1 μm.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
Kaminskii A (2013) Laser crystals: their physics and properties. Springer
Lee B, Lehmann K, Taylor J, Yalin A (2014) A high-finesse broadband optical cavity using calcium fluoride prism retroreflectors. Opt Express 22:11583–11591
Zhang Z, Hu B, Yin Q, Yu T, Li S, Gao X, Zhang H (2015) Design of short wave infrared imaging spectrometer system based on CDP. Opt Express 23:29758–29763
Qi Y, Zhang T, Cheng Y, Chen X, Wei D, Cai L (2016) Lattice dynamics and thermal conductivity of calcium fluoride via first-principles investigation. J App Phys 119:095103
Hahn D (2014) Calcium fluoride and barium fluoride crystals in optics. Optik & Photonik 9(4):45–48
Yan J, Syoji K, Tamaki J (2004) Crystallographic effects in micro/nanomachining of single-crystal calcium fluoride. J Vac Sci Technol B 22:46–51
Yan J, Tamaki J, Syoji K (2004) Single-point diamond turning of CaF2 for nanometric surface. Int J Adv Manuf Tech 24:640–646
Yin G, Li S, Xie X, Zhou L (2014) Ultra-precision process of CaF2 single crystal. Proceedings of SPIE, 7th International Symposium on Advanced Optical Manufacturing and Testing Technologies (AOMATT 2014), International Society for Optics and Photonics 9281.
Azami S, Kudo H, Mizumoto Y, Tanabe T, Yan J, Kakinuma Y (2015) Experimental study of crystal anisotropy based on ultra-precision cylindrical turning of single-crystal calcium fluoride. Precis Eng 40:172–181
Kakinuma Y, Azami S, Tanabe T (2015) Evaluation of subsurface damage caused by ultra-precision turning in fabrication of CaF2 optical micro resonator. CIRP Ann-Manuf Techn 64:117–120
Liu K, Li X, Rahman M, Neo K, Liu X (2007) A study of the effect of tool cutting edge radius on ductile cutting of silicon wafers. Int J Adv Manuf Tech 32:631–637
Peng Y, Jiang T, Ehmann K (2014) Research on single-point diamond fly-grooving of brittle materials. Int J Adv Manuf Tech 75:1577–1586
Wang M, Wang W, Lu Z (2013) Critical cutting thickness in ultra-precision machining of single crystal silicon. Int J Adv Manuf Tech 65:843–851
Pawase P, Brahmankar P, Pawade R, Balasubramanium R (2014) Analysis of machining mechanism in diamond turning of germanium lenses. Procedia Mater Sci 5:2363–2368
Wang J, Fang F, Zhang X (2015) An experimental study of cutting performance on monocrystalline germanium after ion implantation. Precis Eng 39:220–223
Goel S, Luo X, Comley P (2013) Brittle-ductile transition during diamond turning of single crystal silicon carbide. Int J Mach Tools Manuf 65:15–21
Wang X, Gao H, Chen Y, Guo D (2015) A water dissolution method for removing micro-waviness caused by SPDT process on KDP crystals. Int J Adv Manuf Tech: 1–14
Fang F, Zhang G (2004) An experimental study of optical glass machining. Int J Adv Manuf Tech 23:155–160
Fang T, Lambropoulos JC (2002) Microhardness and indentation fracture of potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP). J Am Ceram Soc 85:174–178
Ladison J, Price J, Helfinstine J (2005) Hardness, elastic modulus, and fracture toughness bulk properties in Corning calcium fluoride. Proceedings of SPIE, Optical Microlithography 5754:1329–1338
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Chen, X., Xu, J., Fang, H. et al. Influence of cutting parameters on the ductile-brittle transition of single-crystal calcium fluoride during ultra-precision cutting. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 89, 219–225 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-016-9063-9
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-016-9063-9