Abstract
Influence of steaming on various mechanical and physical properties of two European (Robinia pseudoacacia L., Quercus robur L.) and two tropical (Intsia bijuga, Hymenolobium petraeum) hardwood species were investigated. Each of these wood species requires adequate adhesive systems for the use as dimension stock because of their highly reactive surface chemistry. In order to optimize the gluing behaviour of the timbers involved, steaming processes with five different sets of parameters (steaming time and temperature) were carried out. In addition to the adhesive test, bending strength, hardness, and colour of the modified timbers were examined.
The result of steaming highly depends on the wood species. For black locust, steaming is a suitable method of colour homogenization and colourization. Short term, low temperature treatment improves the adhesion performance also, whereas the colour change value reaches its maximum in the case of long term, high temperature steaming. Hue shift of oak and sapupira was inconsiderable for any applied set of parameters, only a small L* decrease was observed at higher temperatures. The colour of merbau samples shifted slightly during the treatment. Bending strength and hardness of wood samples in all of the four wood species decreased during the treatment. However, steaming time is more important than temperature while aspect of colour change both time and temperature has the same significance. Adhesive properties of sapupira can be greatly improved by hydrothermal treatment.
Zusammenfassung
Der Einfluss der Dämpfung auf verschiedene mechanische und physikalische Eigenschaften von zwei europäischen (Robinia pseudoacacia L., Quercus robur L.) und zwei tropischen (Intsia bijuga, Hymenolobium petraeum) Laubholzarten wurde untersucht. Wegen der stark reagierenden Oberflächenchemie ist für jede dieser Holzarten ein spezielles Klebstoffsystem erforderlich. Um das Verklebungsverhalten dieser Holzarten zu optimieren, wurden Dämpfungen mit fünf verschiedenen Parameterkombinationen (Dämpfungsdauer und Temperatur) durchgeführt. Neben den Klebstoffprüfungen wurden die Biegefestigkeit, die Härte und die Farbe der behandelten Hölzer untersucht. Das Ergebnis der Dämpfung hängt dabei stark von der Holzart ab. Für die Robinie ist die Dämpfung zur Farbhomogenisierung und Färbung gut geeignet. Das Klebeverhalten wird auch bei einer Dämpfung von kurzer Dauer und niedriger Temperatur verbessert, wohingegen Farbänderungen ihren Maximalwert bei einer Dämpfung von langer Dauer und hoher Temperatur erreichen. Bei Eiche und Sapupira ergaben sich bei allen Versuchsreihen keine nennenswerten Änderungen des Farbtons. Bei höheren Temperaturen war lediglich eine geringe L*-Abnahme zu beobachten. Die Farbe der Merbauproben veränderte sich im Verlauf der Dämpfung leicht. Während der Dämpfung nahmen bei allen vier Holzarten die Biegefestigkeit und die Härte ab. Dabei spielt die Dämpfungsdauer eine größere Rolle als die Temperatur, wohingegen bezüglich Farbänderung beiden die gleiche Bedeutung zukommt. Die Klebeeigenschaften von Sapupira können durch eine hydrothermische Behandlung stark verbessert werden.
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Varga, D., van der Zee, M.E. Influence of steaming on selected wood properties of four hardwood species . Holz Roh Werkst 66, 11–18 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00107-007-0205-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00107-007-0205-5